Schema Theory

Flashcards covering key concepts of Schema Theory based on lecture notes.

What is a schema?

Schemas are mental frameworks based on past experience and knowledge that help us interpret new information, make predictions, and guide behavior.

What is the difference between assimilation and accommodation in schema theory?

Assimilation is adding new information into an existing schema when it fits, while accommodation is creating a new schema when information cannot fit into an old one.

What is disequilibrium in the context of schema theory?

Disequilibrium is the confusion we feel when something doesn’t fit our schema.

How do cognitive scripts vary across cultures?

Cognitive scripts are schemas for sequences of actions that vary across cultures and can cause confusion when expectations do not match cultural norms.

What is the process of top-down processing?

Top-down processing is when prior knowledge or expectations (schemas) act as a filter for the information received and processed.

What are Early Maladaptive Schemas?

Early Maladaptive Schemas are deep patterns formed when core emotional needs aren’t met in childhood that shape recurring, self-defeating thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

What is soft determinism in the context of schema theory?

Soft determinism is the idea that behaviors can be changed by changing how we think and/or process information.

What is a key limitation of schema theory?

One limitation is that research on schemas often lacks ecological validity.

What techniques are used in Schema Therapy?

Techniques include cognitive (challenging schema-driven thoughts), experiential (imagery rescripting), and behavioral (practicing new behaviors that counter the schema).

How does schema theory apply to change?

Schema theory suggests behaviors can be changed by assimilation or accommodation, impacting how we think and process information.