Biochem 423

phi angle

Angle of rotation about the bond between the N atom and alpha-carbon atom

Peptide bond

The bond responsible for creating a protein's primary structure

Disulfide

Forms between two CYS residues

Primary structure

Sequence of amino acids in a protein

psi angle

Angle of rotation between the alpha

Ramachandran plot

Plot of phi and psi angles

beta pleated sheet

Formed by hydrogen bonds between parallel or antiparallel chains

Myoglobin

Displays tertiary structure

Proximal Histidine

Binds the fifth coordination site in the heme

Sickle cell anemia

Results from the change of a single amino acid in the beta chain of hemoglobin

Protoporphyrin

Composed of four pyrrole rings

Heme

Oxygen-binding component of both Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbonic Anhydrase

Facilitates the formation of protons and bicarbonate

Bohr Effect

The regulation of oxygen binding by hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide

Hemoglobin

Displays quaternary structure

Carbamates

Amino termini structures that stabilize the T state

2,3 BPG

Binds in the center of the hemoglobin tetramer

cofactor

an example would be magnesium

ΔG°'

a function of Keq'

active site

site of an enzyme where catalysis takes place

apoenzyme

an enzyme without its cofactor

holoenzyme

an enzyme plus its cofactor

coenzyme

a small vitamin derived organic molecule

enzyme

a type of protein catalyst

substrate

reactant in an enzyme