edf final

ESOL

ESOL

English to speakers of other languages

ELL

English language learners

ESEA

elementary and secondary education act

NCLBA

no child left behind act

AYP

adequate yearly progress

AMO

annual measurable objectives

ESSA

every student succeeds act

IDEA

individuals with disabilities education act

IEP

individualized education plan

ESOL

the sue of English by speakers with different native languages.

ESEA

a federal law that aims to give equal access to quality education

NCLBA

replaced ESEA

requires states the measures success/progress with testing

states have to set standards/goals for students/schools

AYP

measurement of annual achievement for public schools and districts

AMO

yearly targets for improving performance based on prior years’ results

ESSA

replaced NCLBA

advances equity by upholding protection for students

meant to prepare students for college/careers

increases access to high quality preschools

students must be taught high standards

IDEA

enacted in 1990

ensures students w/disabilities have a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

IEP

a document developed for each student with a disability in a public school

Colonial America

schools were focused on saving souls through religious instruction.

catered to wealthy, white boys

availability of school varied by region/race

normal schools

trained men to become teachers

two years of training in academic subjects as well as teaching methodology

common school movement

helped create public schools

led by Horace Mann

gave accessible school to everyone

Rev. Samuel Hall

established the first normal schools

Horace Mann

created the Common School Movement

known as the father of American Education

John Dewey

developed progressivism, which focuses on the importance of a child’s experiences and interests

Title One Funding

a US DOE programs to help lower-income school

money depends on how many students get free/reduced lunch

attempt to close the poverty gap

Plessy V. Ferguson

introduced the “separate but equal” doctrine

upheld the constitutionality of segregation

Brown v Board of Education

ended racial segregation in schools

the education for all handicapped children act PL 94-142

requires public schools receiving funding to provide access

schools have to create an iep for each special need child.

tracking

the assignment of courses based on instruction

ability grouping

grouping based on performance/ability

lau v nichols

decided that there was a lack of supplemental language instruction

said that schools must offer English courses to help non English-speaking students

ESOL consent decree

allows equal access to comprehensive instruction.

ensures the delivery of instruction to ELL.

essentialism

teacher centered

the purpose of schools is teaching basics

schools should teach academic/traditional skills

perennialism

teacher centered

organize classrooms around books/themes

progressivism

student centered

centered on real world students

based on student’s concerns, interests, and experiences

social reconstructionism

student centered

designs lessons around social justice issues

raises concerns

existentialism

the purpose of schools is to help students find meaning/purpose in life

90/90/90 schools research

observed schools with 90% of students with free/reduced lunch, minority backgrounds, students achieving at proficiency levels or higher.

a nation at risk

a report that called for federal support of education

misfeasance

Failure to conduct in an appropriate manner an act that might otherwise be considered lawful.

Nonfeasance

Failure to perform an act that one has a duty to perform

malfeasance

an illegal or unlawful act

educational malpractice

failing to provide adequate education

Buckley Amendment

allows parents and guardians to access their children’s educational records

due process

a student must be informed of the rule that he or she has been accused of violating and must be provided evidence to substantiate the accusatio

3 learning styles

visual learners

auditory learners

kinesthetic learners

factors that affect a student’s learning preference

cognitive

affective

physiological

cognitive domain

addresses how students perceive and process information

affective domain

includes the attitudes, values, and emotions that students bring to the learning process

physiological domain

considers the impact of factors such as hunger and fatigue on the learning process

internal locus of control

when someone believes that they control their own successes or failures

external locus of control

when someone believes that external forces affect their outcome

deficit theory

suggests that genetic and IQ deficiencies of certain groups, especially for people of color, are the root cause of academic underachievement. in many cases, the kids home cultures do not mess with the school culture

expectation theory

purports that some children do poorly in school because their teachers do not expect much from their ethnic or racial groips

cultural difference theory

asserts that academic problems can be overcome through better cross cultural understanding; if teachers study and mediate the cultural gap separating school and home

civil rights act of 1964

Prohibited the distribution of federal funds to schools with racially discriminatory programs of any kind.

Title LX of the Education amendments

Prohibited discrimination of students based on gender.

de facto segregation

a situation in which legislation did not overtly segregate students by race, nut nevertheless school segregation continued

de jure segregation

segregation mandated by law and enforced by government

10th Amendment

the powers not delegated to the US by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the state respectively or to the people