darfur: food shortages

darfur location

northeastern africa, bordering the red sea, west of sudan

main problem in Sudan

a lot of food shortages leading to a lot of human suffering

darfur's climate (Sudan)

dry and drought-prone

the north is… (Sudan)

much more arid and dry

northern libyan desert (Sudan)

constant dry winds
no rainfall for years

how many ppl live in drought condition (Sudan)

1.5 million

% that are malnourished (Sudan)

33%

% that are severely malnourished (Sudan)

5.4%

what happened in east africa in the 1980s? (Sudan)

severe drought and famine

when was the darfur genocide (Sudan)

2003 - 2004 (villages burnt to the ground - 200 000 deaths)

how many sudanese died from hunger and hunger-related diseases during the darfur genoicde

180 000 ppl

where do many of the survivors of the darfur genocide still live? (Sudan)

IDP (internally-displaced ppl) camps

causes of famine in sudan (physical factors) (3)

• drought/rainfall variability
• degradation of land
• rise in sea level floods low rising land

causes of famine in sudan (population growth rate)

high: 3%

causes of famine in sudan (agricultural factors) (5)

• variable yearly food production
• failing crop yields
• low fertiliser use
• no food surplus for crisises
• 95% of S. Sudan rely on climate-sensitive activities for food

causes of famine in sudan (economic/political factors) (4)

• high dependence on farming
• dept repayment
• high military spending
• limited access to infrastructure/markets to buy/distribute food
• lack of funding by the UN ($829.9 million needed but only $69.4 million provided)

causes of famine in sudan (conflicts) (4)

• ppl constantly fleeing
• food programs stopped due to the danger to the workers
• 3.2 million IDPs in Sudan
• people burn each other's crops

consequences of food shortages (7) (Sudan)

• economic free-fall
• over-reliance on international aid
• poor infant health which leads to diseases
• low life expectancy (65 y/o) and high infant mortality (41/1000)
• one of the world's worst food crises
• ppl flee and get stranded in areas that can't cope with tens of thousands of arrivals

What are the characteristics of the economic free fall in Sudan ? (4)

• food/fuel prices skyrocket
• rising costs of living
• trade/ markets disrupted
• food stocks depleting

how many ppl facing extreme hunger in south sudan in 2017? (Sudan)

7.1 million ppl (50% of the population) facing extreme hunger

solutions to the food shortage (5) (Sudan)

• international aid
• gvmt should put more money into infrastructure for - efficient farming
• emergency food distribution
• essential hygiene items
• supporting people to produce their own food
• training on improved farming methods

when did they separate in two different countries (Sudan)

9 July 2011

what happened in 2003 (Sudan)

gvmt vs rebels in darfur who claimed that the gvmt neglects them and favours the arabs

main problem between sudan and south sudan

sharing oil between sudan (gvmt) and south sudan (where it's found)

bc of this war how many ppl were forced to flee? (Sudan)

2 million (1 in 3 in darfur)

main problems in IDP camps (Sudan)

• no sanitation
• food
• water supplies
• not enough space (130 000 capacity vs 200 000 refugees)

labour force in sudan

70% agriculture (37 % GDP)

Population composition in Sudan

• 52% non-Arab
• 39% Arab

Why are there periods of drought despite the presence of the Nile? (2) (Sudan)

• the Nile provides water to the east
• many areas do not have access to the river and have no rainfall

How many civil wars has Sudan faced?

3 civil wars

The conflicts in Sudan were between who and who?

• the government and the Africans in the South (first civil war)
• the Arabs and the Africans (second civil war)
• N. Arabs and S. Africans (third civil war)

how many sudanese rely on international aid?

5.5 million