3.1 Importance of ATP

What are the two parts of metabolism

Catabolism and anabolism

State the full name of ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

Why is ATP referred to as the 'universal energy currency'

It is used in all cells in all organisms in all reactions

How is ATP suited to its role

It is inert

Can pass out of mitochondria into cytoplasm

Releases energy efficiently

Releases energy in useable quantities, so little is wasted

Easily hydrolysed to release energy

Readily reformed by phosphorylation

What kind of reaction is the combination of ADP and phosphate

Endergonic

What kind of reaction is the breaking down of ATP

Exergonic

How is energy produced in photosynthesis

Light energy is transduced to chemical energy in ATP

How is energy produced in Respiration

Chemical energy from glucose is transduced to chemical energy in ATP.

Advantages of using ATP as an energy carrier

Only one enzyme is needed to break down ATP, ATPase

Only one enzyme is needed to combine ADP and Pi, ATP synthase

Similarities of respiration and photosynthesis in the mitochondria and chloroplast

Both involve electrons

ETC in membrane

Creates proton gradient across membrane

Protons diffuse down concentration gradient

Both have stalked particles