Chapter 9 Review

-ology

a suffix used in the names of fields of study or disciplines, indicating a branch of knowledge.

gastr/o

stomach; related to digestion

hepatic

pertaining to the liver

digestion

The process by which food is broken down and absorbed into the body for nourishment.

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing food or liquids.

Deglutition

the process of swallowing food or drink.

Peristalsis

The involuntary contraction and relaxation of muscles in the gastrointestinal tract that moves food along the digestive tract.

Mastication

The process of chewing food to break it down into smaller pieces for easier swallowing.

Aphthous

ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small, painful lesions that develop on the mucous membranes inside the mouth.

Laparoscopy

A minimally invasive surgical procedure using a laparoscope to examine or perform surgery on the abdomen or pelvic organs.

Esophagus

A muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, facilitating the passage of food.

Emesis

the act of vomiting, often due to illness or irritation of the stomach.

Gastroenterology

The branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders related to the digestive system, including the stomach, intestines, and associated organs.

Gastrointestinal

system that includes the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and other organs responsible for digestion.

Elimination

of waste products from the body, primarily through urine and feces.

Plaque

A sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can lead to tooth decay and gum disease.

Gastroenterologist

A medical specialist who diagnoses and treats disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach, intestines, and related organs.