APUSH Unit 1: Early Contact With the New World (1491-1607)-pt.1

Spains

________ encomienda system- in which the Spanish crown granted colonists the authority over a number of natives, and their labor for enterprises (such as sugar harvesting and silver mining), in exchange for the conversion of the natives to Catholicism.

Native Americans

The first ________ in contact with Europeans were smaller tribes that had permanent agriculture and lived along the Atlantic Ocean (they were also the ones that Columbus had mistakenly dubbed as "Indians)

stable economies

The transition from hunting and gathering to maize production allowed ________ and organized societies to prosper, as well as encouraging advancements in irrigation and other advanced agricultural practices.

Aztecs

The ________ and Mayans (both located in Mesoamerica) are known for their advances in several areas, including astronomy architecture, and art.

capital of Tenochtitlan

In 1500, the Aztec ________ was more populous than any city in Europe.

Spanish

________ and Portuguese colonialization led to a mixing of cultures, resulting in a racial caste system (shown below)

Early American history

________ revolved around the conflict between Native Americans and European settlers- though Europeans were generally victorious- mainly due to an advantage in immunities to epidemics such as smallpox.

Christopher Columbus

________ arrived in the New World in 1492, and his arrival marked the beginning of the Contact Period.

time of Columbus

At the ________ arrival in 1492, Native American societies in North America ranged from small groups of nomadic hunter- gatherers to organized urban empires.

Columbian era

The Pre- ________ refers to the period before Christopher Columbus arrival in the "New World, "and Native Americans populated North America.

Europe

The Contact Period= the period in which ________ sustained contact with the Americas, and introduced a widespread exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and ideas in the Columbian Exchange.

Pueblo people

________ had multistory stone houses with hundreds of rooms.

Native Americans

The ________ and their descendants migrated south (either by boat along the Pacific Coast or an ice- free corridor east of the Rocky Mountains) and populated both North and South America.

Colony

________= a territory settled and controlled by a foreign power.