Public Speaking Test 4

1. Persuasion is the process of doing what to people's beliefs or actions?

creating, reinforcing, or changing

2. Is persuasion something a speaker does to or with an audience? Explain.

its something the speaker does with the audience because listeners engage in a mental give and take with the speaker

3. What should you think of your persuasive speech as?

as a mental dialogue with the audience

4. What is the target audience?

The portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

5. What are the three categories of persuasive speeches? (Questions of what three things?)

question of fact, question of value, and question of policy

6. Are questions of value simply matters of personal opinion or whim? Why or why not?

no because you have to justify your claim and the standards for your value of judgement

7. What are the three basic issues you will face whenever discussing a question of policy?

need, practicality, and plan

8. What always rests with the persuasive speaker who advocates change?

the burden of proof

9. What are the five steps in Monroe's motivated sequence?

attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action

What is the major reason Monroe's motivated sequence is such an effective way of ordering persuasive speeches that seek action from listeners?

follows the process of human thinking

11. List and define the two factors effected by credibility.

competence: how an audience regards a speaker's intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject

character: how an audience regards a speaker's sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the wellbeing of the audience

12. Where does credibility exist?

in the mind of the audience

13. List and define the three types of credibility.

Initial credibility—the credibility of the speaker before she or he starts to speak.

Derived credibility—the credibility of the speaker produced by everything she or he says and does during the speech itself.

Terminal credibility—the credibility of the speaker at the end of the speech.

14. What are three ways to enhance your credibility

Explain your competence

Establish Common Ground with Your Audience

Deliver Your Speeches Fluently, Expressively,and with Conviction

15. Speaking techniques aside, what is the most important way to strengthen your credibility?

deliver the speech with genuine conviciton

16. Why is evidence particularly important in classroom speeches?

few students are recognized as experts on their speech topics

17. What are the four tips for using evidence?

use specific evidence, use novel evidence, use evidence from credible sources, and make clear the point of your evidence

18. What is the process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of evidence?

reasoning

What is the name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as an emotional appeal?

pathos

20. Are emotional appeals appropriate in a persuasive speech on a question of fact? Why?

no, because in these speeches you should deal in only specific information and logic

21. You should always build your persuasive speech on a firm foundation of what two things?

facts and logic