APUSH Chapter 20: Girding for War: The North and the South

Laird Rams

________: dangerous ships that were also built by the British.

Homestead Act

________ (1862): federal law that gave Western settlers cheap land if they lived on it for 5 years and somehow improved it (i.e building a house) → made land accessible to thousands of poor settlers and encouraged Westward expansion (but the land ended up being infertile)

Morill Tariff Act

________ (1861): increased duties on goods to raise revenue for the Civil War shows how est.

Negro Law

20 ________: act in the South that said any person who owned 20 (+) slaves would be exempt from fighting.

Sanitary Commission

US ________: created by Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell (the first woman to graduate from medical college), this govt agency trained nurses, collected medical supplies and equipped hospitals to treat wounded Union Army soldiers- many women, like Clara Barton, made nursing a respectable profession, and gave women the confidence and organizational skills to propel the women's movement in postwar years.

Alabama

________ (1862): Britain built and manned Confederate warships, like the ________, to raid Union shipping (although, by a loophole in British law, they weren't considered warships)

Union Treasury

Greenbacks: paper currency issued by the ________.

Trent Affair

________ (1861): A Union warship sailing near Cuba stops a British ship, the Trent, and forcibly removes two Confederate diplomats headed for negotiations in Europe w→ Britain is outraged, but doesn't do much, as Lincoln eventually releases the Confederates.

Writ of habeas corpus

________: says people detained by law enforcement must be put before the court to determine the legality /validity of their arrest.

Canada

To protect ________ from possible retaliation by US, the Dominion of Canada is created to unify the Canadian govt.

National Banking System

________ (1863): initially created to stimulate the sale of govt war bonds, it also created a network of banks (that had been destroyed by Jackson) and established a standard bank note currency.

Lincoln's Inaugural Address

said there would be no conflict unless the South provoked it, even after secession, it was still physically impossible for the Southern states to seperate

Many problems arose over the potential disunity

how would the national debt be split

Fort Sumter (1861)

Since the South was taking the US arsenals with them as they seceded, Lincoln wanted to protect the two main ones, one of which was Fort Sumter in Charleston

fighting on their own land

will have better military knowledge of the battlefield

Conscription Act

act in the North that said all men aged 20-45 had to register for the draft the rich could pay for $300 substitutes

20 Negro Law

act in the South that said any person who owned 20(+) slaves would be exempt from fighting

Trent Affair (1861)

A Union warship sailing near Cuba stops a British ship, the Trent, and forcibly removes two Confederate diplomats headed for negotiations in Europe w→ Britain is outraged, but doesn't do much, as Lincoln eventually releases the Confederates

Alabama (1862)

Britain built and manned Confederate warships, like the Alabama, to raid Union shipping (although, by a loophole in British law, they weren't considered warships)

Laird Rams

dangerous ships that were also built by the British

Writ of habeas corpus

says people detained by law enforcement must be put before the court to determine the legality / validity of their arrest

Greenbacks

paper currency issued by the Union Treasury

Morill Tariff Act (1861)

increased duties on goods to raise revenue for the Civil War shows how est

National Banking System (1863)

initially created to stimulate the sale of govt war bonds, it also created a network of banks (that had been destroyed by Jackson) and established a standard bank note currency

Homestead Act (1862)

federal law that gave Western settlers cheap land if they lived on it for 5 years and somehow improved it (i.e building a house) → made land accessible to thousands of poor settlers and encouraged Westward expansion (but the land ended up being infertile)

US Sanitary Commission

created by Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell (the first woman to graduate from medical college), this govt agency trained nurses, collected medical supplies and equipped hospitals to treat wounded Union Army soldiers- many women, like Clara Barton, made nursing a respectable profession, and gave women the confidence and organizational skills to propel the women's movement in postwar years