Studied by 0 peoplemajor function
transportation of nutrients and oxygen
transport vehicle
blood
heart
muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
blood vessels
tubelike structures that carry blood throughout the body
vascular system
blood circulating inside blood vessels
arteries
carry blood away from heart
veins
drain tissues and return blood to heart
capillaries
extend & branch through tissues and connect smallest arteries to smallest veins
aorta
largest artery in body
vena cava
largest vein in the body
atrioventricular valves (AV valves)
located between atrium & ventricles on each side
semilunar valves
guards the bases of the two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers
incompetent valves
forces the heart to pump/re-pump the same blood back because the valves do not close properly and blood back-flows
pulmonary circulation
circulation from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart
systemic circulation
second circuit from left side of heart thru body tissues and back to right side of heart
autonomic nervous system
acts like brakes and gas pedals to decrease or increase heart rate depending on which division is activated
intrinsic conduction system
built into the heart tissue and sets its basic rhythm--> composed of a special tissue found nowhere else in the body
cardiac cycle
The events of one complete heartbeat
cardiac output
amount of blood pumped out by each side of heart in one minute
stroke volume
volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat
vascular system
blood circulating inside blood vessels; closed transport system
vital signs
pulse
pulse
Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.
blood pressure
the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels
systolic pressure
the pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction
diastolic pressure
The pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxing phase of the heart's cycle (diastole) when the left ventricle is at rest.
peripheral resistance
the opposition to flow that blood encounters in vessels away from the heart
pericarditis
inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart
incompetent valve
forces the heart to pump and repump the same blood because the valve does not close properly and blood backflows
valvular stenosis
the valve flaps become stiff
angina pectoris
crushing chest pain
myocardial infarction
heart attack
ischemia
lack of adequate blood supply to the heart muscle
fibrillation
a rapid
tachycardia
rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute)
bradycardia
heart rate less than 60 beats per minute
heart murmur
abnormal or unusual heart sounds
congestive heart failure
-pumping of heart is progressively impaired -Cardiac output cannot meet body needs
varicose veins
abnormally swollen
thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of a vein that results when a clot forms in a vessel with poor circulation
hypotension
low blood pressure
orthostatic hypotension
temporary low BP and dizziness when suddenly rising from a sitting or reclining position
circulatory shock
a condition in which the blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally
hypertension
persistent high blood pressure; sustained pressure of 140/90 or higher
congenital heart defects
structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth
apex
pointed inferior tip of heart
base
broad posterosuperior aspect of heart
pericardium
double walled sac that encloses heart
fibrous pericardium
loosely fitting superficial part of the pericardium
serous pericardium
slippery
epicardium
part of heart wall
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