QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Research

Systematic investigation or inquiry entailing collection of data, documentation of critical information, analysis, interpretation of information (Williams 2007).

Qualitative Research

- Involves processes, feelings, and motives (the why’s and the how’s) and procedures in-depth and holistic data.

- Usually concerned with generating hypothesis from data rather than testing a hypothesis.

- Uses either unstructured or semi structured instruments.

In-Depth Understanding

NATURE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Qualitative research seeks to understand the world from the perspective of the research subjects, and to capture social life as a process that’s always changing.

Data Collection Methods

NATURE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Qualitative research uses a variety of methods to collect data, including interviews, observations, group discussions, drawings, narratives, and biographies.

Inductivist, Constructionist, and Interpretivist

NATURE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Qualitative research is an _______ strategy, though researchers don’t always subscribe to all three.

Inductivist

An approach where knowledge is built from the ground up: researchers gather detailed data and derive patterns, themes, or theories from what participants say or do, rather than starting from a predetermined hypothesis.

Constructionist

A perspective that views reality as socially constructed: meanings, experiences, and knowledge are created through interaction, language, and culture, not existing independently “out there.” Researchers study how people constructtheir shared understanding of the world.

Interpretivist

A paradigm that assumes reality is subjective and context-dependent: researchers seek to interpret and understandhow individuals make sense of their experiences, emphasizing empathy, depth, and the participant’s point of view.

Subjective Experiences

NATURE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

The idea that qualitative research focuses on people’s personal interpretations, emotions, and meanings rather than objective facts.

Focus on the “Why”

NATURE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Qualitative research focuses on understanding the motivations and reasons behind social phenomena, rather than just the “what”.

In-Depth Understanding, Data Collection Methods, Inductivist, Constructionist, Interpretivist, Subjective Experiences, Focuses on the “Why”

NATURES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Focus on Meaning, Small Sample Size, Non-Numerical Data, Flexibility, Empathy, Iterative Analysis

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Focus on Meaning

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Focuses on perspectives, and motivations, rather than the cause and effect.

Small Sample Size

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

• Uses more focused samples. 10-30 limit of respondents.

Non-Numerical Data

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

• Focuses on using ___ data, such as words, photos, videos, and audio.

Flexibility

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

• Qualitative Research is characterized with openness, and responsivity to context.

Empathy

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

• Focuses on trying to understand participants’ perspectives, experiences, and emotions.

Iterative Analysis

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

QR is an ongoing process where researchers continually review, compare, and revise their interpretations.

Phenomenological

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Focuses on subjective lived experiences of the participants in order to understand phenomenon. Here, the researcher is concerned with the feelings of the participants regarding to a particular event or activity.

Ethnographic

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

It is a kind of qualitative research which concentrates on the study of a group of people in a particular environment. To characterize behaviors, cultures, challenges, and possible occurring themes, the researcher is required to engage himself/herself with the participants through immersion in an extended period of time.

Grounded Theory

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

This kind of qualitative research intends to explain a phenomenon through developing a theory.

Case Study

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

It is a qualitative research kind which allows the researcher to have an intensive analysis of the phenomenon. The aim of this study is to accurately describe the case through an in-depth examination of a single person or single institution.

Historical

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

This qualitative research kind is concerned with the identification, evaluation, and synthesis of past event data.

Narrative

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:

Life accounts of individuals based on their personal experiences are typically obtained and analyzed in the conduct of this kind of qualitative research. The primary objective of the study is to extract meaningful context based on the documental experiences.

Phenomenological, Ethnographic, Grounded Theory, Case Study, Historical Narrative

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH