Functionalist, Strain & Subcultural Theories

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5 Terms

1
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Durkheim’s functions of crime

Crime is normal and functional

  • boundary maintenance and adaptation

2
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Merton’s Strain Theory

Crime occurs when people lack legitimate means to achieve socially approved goals

  • innovation

  • ritualism

  • retreatism

  • rebellion

3
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Cohen’s status frustration theory

Working class boys face school failure

  • form delinquent subcultures with alternative status systems

4
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Cloward and Ohlin - 3 types of subcultures

Criminal, conflict and retreating subcultures result from unequal access to criminal opportunity structures

5
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Miller’s Focal concerns

Working class culture emphasises toughness, excitement, fate which leads to deviance