CHEM 1570 Functional Groups

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25 Terms

1

What are Alkanes and what is its ending?

class of hydrocarbons in which atoms are connected by single bonds; -ane

<p>class of hydrocarbons in which atoms are connected by single bonds; -ane </p>

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2

What are alkenes and what is its ending?

Compounds that contain one C-C double bond, pi bond; -ene

<p>Compounds that contain one C-C<strong> double bond</strong>, pi bond; -ene</p>

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3

What are alkynes and what is its end?

a hydrocarbon with a C-C triple bond, 2 pi-bond; -yne

<p>a hydrocarbon with a C-C triple bond, 2 pi-bond; -yne</p>

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4

What are halides and what is its end?

compound containing a halogen atom; no ending

<p>compound containing a halogen atom; no ending </p>

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5

What are alcohols and what is its end?

hydroxyl groups (−OH) that are attached to the carbon atom ;

-ol

<p>hydroxyl groups (−OH) that are attached to the carbon atom ; </p><p>-ol</p>

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6

What are Thiols and what is its end?

A compound that contains an -SH (sulfhydryl) group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom; -thiol

<p>A compound that contains an -SH (sulfhydryl) group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom; -thiol</p>

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7

What are Ethers and what is its end?

oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms by single bonds; ether

<p>oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms by single bonds; ether</p>

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8

What are sulfides and what is its ending?

sulfur atom is bonded to two carbon atoms by single bonds; sulfide

<p>sulfur atom is bonded to two carbon atoms by single bonds; sulfide</p>

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9

What are disulfides and what is its ending?

compounds that have C- S - S-C bonds; disulfide

<p>compounds that have C- S - S-C bonds; disulfide</p>

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10

What are amine and what is its ending?

compounds that contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair C-N; -amine

<p>compounds that contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair C-N; -amine</p>

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11

What are imine (schiff base) and what is its ending?

compound containing a carbon–nitrogen double bond (C=N); no ending

<p>compound containing a carbon–nitrogen double bond (C=N); no ending </p>

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12

What are nitrile and what is its ending?

compound containing a carbon–nitrogen triple bond (−C ≡ N); -nitrile

<p>compound containing a carbon–nitrogen triple bond (−C ≡ N); -nitrile </p>

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13

What are carbonyls?

carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom [C=O]

<p>carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom [C=O] </p>

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14

What are aldehydes and what is its ending?

carbonyl compounds in which a C=O is attached to a H atom and a hydrocarbon group (or another H atom); -al; (-COH)

<p>carbonyl compounds in which a C=O is attached to a H atom and a hydrocarbon group (or another H atom); <strong>-al; (-COH)</strong></p>

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15

What are ketones and what is its ending?

carbonyl group, C=O, whose carbon atom is joined to 2 other Cs; -one

<p>carbonyl group, C=O, whose carbon atom is joined to 2 other Cs; -one</p>

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16

What is carboxylic acid and what is its ending?

compounds in which a carbon (C) atom is bonded to an oxygen (O) atom by a double bond (C=O) and to a hydroxyl group (―OH) by a single bond; (R−COOH); -oic acid

<p>compounds in which a carbon (C) atom is bonded to an oxygen (O) atom by a double bond (C=O) and to a hydroxyl group (―OH) by a single bond; (R−COOH); -oic acid </p>

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17

What is ester and what is its ending?

(=C-O-C); -oate

<p>(=C-O-C); -oate </p>

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18

What is thioester and what is its ending?

(C=O-S-C) -thiooate

<p>(C=O-S-C) -thiooate </p>

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19

What is amide and what is the ending?

(O=C-N); -amide

<p>(O=C-N); -amide </p>

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20

What is carboxylic acid anhydride and what is its ending?

(O=C-O-C=O); -oic anhydride

<p>(O=C-O-C=O); -oic anhydride </p>

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21

What is the phosphate functional group and the ending?

phosphate

<p>phosphate</p>

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22

What is monophosphate and what is its ending?

-phosphate

<p>-phosphate </p>

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23

What is diphosphate and what is its ending?

-diphosphate

<p>-diphosphate</p>

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24

What is triphosphate and what is its ending?

-triphosphate

<p>-triphosphate </p>

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25

Special notes on phosphates:

they are frequently abbreviated as Pi or even just “P”

<p>they are frequently abbreviated as Pi or even just “P”</p>

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