Reproductive and Urinary Systems

A collection of flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the reproductive and urinary systems, including definitions, functions, and related medical terms.

Pregnancy

When a fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins to develop.

Ovaries

Organ that produces eggs and estrogen.

Fertilization

When a sperm and egg join together, usually occurs in the fallopian tubes.

Testes

Organ that produces sperm.

Estrogen

Female sex hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle.

Placenta

Nourishes the growing fetus.

Testosterone

Male sex hormone.

Prostate Gland

Contributes to semen.

Umbilical Cord

Connects the fetus to the placenta.

Menopause

When menstruation stops permanently.

Progesterone

Female sex hormone that supports pregnancy.

Uterus

Houses the growing fetus.

What are the four phases of the menstrual cycle?

1. Follicular phase 2. Ovulation 3. Luteal phase 4. Menstrual phase.

When is fertilization most likely to occur?

During ovulation.

When does the uterine lining shed?

During the menstrual phase.

What is Otitis Media?

It is an infection affecting the middle ear, most common in children.

What are cataracts?

A medical condition where the lens of the eye becomes progressively clouded.

What is macular degeneration?

Condition affecting the macula, leading to distorted vision.

What part of the body is considered the body's thermostat?

The hypothalamus.

What is non-shivering thermogenesis?

A process in newborns to generate body heat without shivering.

What is normal urine output (mL/hr)?

Approximately 30-60 mL/hr.

What is protein in the urine called?

Proteinuria.

What is another name for urination?

Micturition.