Cellular proteins that form blood clot when activated; coagulation
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Kinin system
Controls bleeding and bacteria
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Serous discharge
clear drainage such as mucus or plasma
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Serosanguinous discharge
contains blood and plasma; pink colored fluid
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Sanguineous discharge
bloody drainage
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Purulent discharge
Pus; thick, yellowish brown drainage
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What is an exudate?
A mass of cells and fluid that has seeped out of blood vessels or an organ, especially in inflammation.
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4 types of exudates
serous, serosanguinous, sanguineous, purulent
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Acute inflammation
sudden; fever; the body's use of leukocytosis (increase of WBC during infection)
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Chronic inflammation
ongoing stimulus (at least 2 weeks); repetitive cycle; immune helper cells try to do their job of healing but ongoing stimulus results in more cell recruitment
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Examples of acute inflammation
allergic reaction, chemical irritants, infection, trauma injury, burns, laceration, frostbite
the flu; body is forming antibodies to fight; vaccines
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Lymphoid system
Defense against infection and disease
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What do natural killer (NK) cells do?
immune cell that kill cells that are infected with a virus
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What do B cells and T cells do?
T cells can wipe out infected or cancerous cells. They also direct the immune response by helping B lymphocytes to eliminate invading pathogens. B cells create antibodies.
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Hypersensitivity reactions
allergies, autoimmunity, alloimmunity
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What is autoimmunity
body attacks own cells
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Alloimmunity
Type of immunity that produces an immune response against antigens from members of the same species; blood transfusions, transplants, HIV
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Passive immuity
antibodies are given; placenta and breastmilk to a baby
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What are immunoglobulins?
Antibody molecules found in the blood; IgG, IgM, IgE
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IgG
Most abundant antibody; those with Lupus or Graves disease have elevated levels
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IgM
Second most abundant antibody; considered the mounted troops
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IgE
it initiates inflammation response immediately, environmental allergy response