Rock cycle

Over time, grains of sand may be compacted and cemented together to form a rock called …

Sand stone

When sediment is deposited in layers and compacted, …. is formed.

Sedimentary rock

Dissolved minerals separate from water and become a natural…. that binds the sedimentary rock together.

cement

sedimentary rocks form at or near the Earth’s…

surface

The most noticeable feature of sedimentary rock is often its layers, or ….

strata

Rocks or mineral fragments are called…

clasts

Sedimentary rock that forms when rock or mineral fragments are cemented together is called… sedimentary rock

clastic

Clastic sedimentary rocks can have coarse, medium, or fine-grained…

texture

Sedimentary rock that fro,s when minerals crystallize out of solution, such as sea water, to become rock is called… sedimentary rock

chemical

Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains, or fossils, of plants and animals is called…. sedimentary rock

organic

Some limestone is made of the skeletons of tiny organisms called… that live in the ocean in huge colonies called….

1. coral

2. reefs

Limestone made from the calcium carbonate from skeletons and shells of sea creatures is called ….. limestone

fossiliferous

An organic sedimentary rock that forms from the action of heat and pressure on plant material over million of years is called…

coal

What is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers?

stratification

What are the markings on sedimentary rocks that record the wave motion of wind or water called?

ripple marks

What do we call the structures that form when fine-grained sediments at the bottom of a shallow body of water are exposed to the air and dry out?

mud cracks

What does strata mean?

The most noticeable feature of sedimentary rock is often in layers

What does stratification mean?

Is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged on the kind, size, and color of sediments

Name a organic sedimentary rock

Fosterous limestone

Which rock’s name come from the Greek words for “changed” and “shape”?

metamorphic

What kind of rocks are rocks in which the structure, texture, or composition have been changed

metamorphic

What force or forces can create metamorphic rocks?

heat and pressure

The heat and pressure at which some metamorphic rocks originally form allow them to sometimes remain… at pressures and temperatures that would melt other rocks

solid

pressure caused by large movements within the crust sometimes causes the… in metamorphic rocks to align themselves in parallel bands

mineral grains

During…., rock is heated by nearby magma

contact metamorphism

The effect of heat on rock decreases as the rocks…from the magma increases and its… decreases

1. distance

2. tempature

When pressure builds up in rock which is located under other rock formations…occurs

regional metamorphism

Regional metamorphism occurs deep in the Earth’s…

crust

Which of the following is NOT a property of an index mineral

forms only in sedimentary rock

Which of the following minerals is an example of an index mineral?

staurolite

Which of the following is an example of a mineral that indicates that a metamorphis rock is formed at a great depth and under extreme heat and pressure

garnet

What do we call metamorphic rocks in which mineral grains are NOT aligned

nonfoliated

What is the process in which a mineral changes composition during metamorphism called?

recrystallization

After quartz limestone has recrystallized, the new rock is called

quartzite

A rock in which coarse-grained minerals separate into distant bands

gneiss