[APUSH 1] Civil War Vocab List #3

Habeas Corpus

a. an arrested person must be brought charges w/in 48 hours and/or in front of a court/judge to hear their crimes

b. briefly suspended by Lincoln during the war in places that were pro-Confederate (Border States)

• Arrested w/out knowing the charges against them

• Can be suspended only in the case of rebellion or invasion because public safety may require it

Revenue Act of 1861 & Revenue Act of 1862

These start to pay for the war

Raise taxes on the wealth

Greenbacks start

Morrill Tariff Act (1861)

Raised tariff rates to increase revenue and protect American manufacturers. Its passage initiated a Republican program of high protective tariffs to help industrialists.

Homestead Act (1862)

Promoted settlement of the Great Plains by offering parcels of 160 acres of public land free to whatever person or family would farm that land for at least five years.

(start up fee is $30)

Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)

Encouraged states to use the sale of federal land grants to maintain agricultural and technical colleges.

The Pacific Railway Act (1862)

Authorized the building of transcontinental railroad over a northern route in order to link the economies of California and the western territories with the eastern states.

Election of 1864

Republican Lincoln defeats “Peace” Democrat and former Union general George McClellan.

Total War

unrestricted warfare; sacrifice everything for complete victory

Sherman’s March (to the Sea)

Union general William T . Sherman’s attempt to break the will of the South’s fight.

Destroys/Burns everything of economic value on his way through Georgia. Tells his men it is OK to pillage but NOT to kill/rape.

Appomattox Courthouse (April 9, 1865)

Where Confederate general Robert E. Lee officially surrenders to Union general Ulysses S. Grant which symbolically ends the Civil War . Grant gives Lee thefollowing terms “take your weapons and horses and go home”. Surprises Lee because he thought terms would be unfavorable. (this technically is an armistice with NO terms). Lincoln did NOT want the South to be vengeful (example of how he would have done Reconstruction) (Second inaugural address “with malice toward none; with charity for all”)

John Wilkes Booth

actor and Confederate/Southern sympathizer who was part of a larger plot to assassinate Grant, Secretary of Defense Stanton, and Secretary of State William Seward who successful assassinates Pres. Lincoln at Ford’s Theater in Washington D.C. during the play “Our American Cousin”.

Lincoln dies the next day across the street.

Found in a barn in Virginia which is burned, he is then shot on site.

Ex Parte Milligan

Supreme Court case that says civilians can be tried by military tribunals only when regular civilian courts are unavailable