Indian Classical Dance Terminology and Styles

Flashcards created to help define key terms and concepts related to Indian classical dance, its forms, and specific gestures.

Samam

A position in dance where the head is motionless or straight; used to denote various expressions like pride and stupefication.

Alolitam

When the head moves in a circle, indicative of sleepiness, intoxication, or uncontrollable laughter.

Kampitam

When the head shakes up and down, used to denote anger, summoning, or questioning.

Udvahitam

Position where the face is raised; used to show high objects like flags or celestial bodies.

Adhomukham

Position where the face is cast down; used to express shyness or sorrow.

Dhutam

When the head moves left to right; denotes denial, sadness, or unwillingness.

Paravrittam

Quickly turning the head to one side; indicates commanding or shyness.

Utkshiptam

When the head is turned and raised to denote assent or acceptance.

Tandav

A vigorous dance form performed by Shiva, depicting creation and destruction with expressions of extreme emotions.

Lasya

A graceful and beautiful dance performed by Goddess Parvati, expressing happiness in response to the Tandav.

Nritya

A combination of rhythm and expression that tells a story or theme through physical and emotional expression.

Nritta

The rhythmic part of dance composed only of pure dance movements without expressional meaning.

Natya

The dramatic element in dance encompassing Nritta and Nritya, integrating speech and song.

Samyukta Hastas

Double hand gestures in Indian classical dance that require both palms to convey a message.

Anjali Mudra

A gesture where both palms are joined, used for salutations to deities, teachers, and elders.

Kapot Hasta

A gesture indicating respectful salutations, with palms touching at the tips.

Karkata Hasta

Gestures indicating arrival or joining, with interlocked fingers.

Jaipur Gharana

A style of Kathak emphasizing forceful footwork and fast-paced rhythms, developed under Rajput kings.

Lucknow Gharana

A Kathak style influenced by Muslim culture, emphasizing gradual tempo progression and expressive storytelling.