Unit 5 - The Great Migration

The 4 causes of The Red Summer

- Post WW1 Tensions

- Great Migration

- Economic Unrest

- Growth of Black politician Activism

What happened during the incidents of the Red Summer

nationwide violence that targeted African Americans

What happened in Washington DC during the Red Summer

white mobs attacked African Americans

What happened during the Chicago Race Riot

started with the drowning of a black teenager, Eugene Williams and later ended in 38 deaths, 500 injured, and 1000+ African American homes destroyed

What is the Elain Massacre

one of the deadliest racial massacres in US History where black share croppers met to organize pay and were attacked

What factors pulled migrants to the north

- Factory Jobs

- Labor shortages

What challenges did migrants face after moving north

- housing discrimination formed crowded neighborhoods

- higher rent/poor living conditions

- job discriminations

- whites wouldn't work alongside black

What impact did the migration of African Americans have on politics

African Americans in the north could vote and influence elections and later formed the NAACP

What are the causes of the Red Scare

- Russian Revolution

- Tension from post WW1

- Bombing in 1919

- Anti-immigrant Attitudes

How did Americans react to Palmer Raids

they first supported out of fear of communism but once Palmer's prediction of communist taking over failed all the support collapsed

What are the key points of Palmer Raids

- the largest wave was during Nov 1919- Jan 1920

- thousands of people arrested

- 500-600 people deported

what did Palmer Raids fail

- prediction of revolution failed

- courts blocked illegal arrets/deportations

- economic and social tensions eased during 1920's improved economy

What were 2 major results of Seneca Falls conventions

- declaration of sentiments

- start of women's suffrage movements

Who were the organizers of the Seneca Falls Convention?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott

What happened during the First Day of the Seneca Falls Convention

- ONLY girls

- 300 attended

- presentation of Declaration of Sentiments/revision

What happened during DAY TWO of the Seneca Falls Convention

- attendance INCLUDED men

- Declaration of Sentiments had 1/3 of 300 attendants sign

Who was the only black African American delegate at the Seneca falls convention

Fredrick Douglass

Point of the Declaration of Sentiments did Lucretia Mott oppose of

Women's suffrage-right to vote

Top 3 Inventions during the 1920's

- Automobile Revolution

- New Household Technology

- Communication/Entertainments

What major product became greatly affordable due to the assembly line

Henry Fords Model T

How did the Automobile Revolution affect American lives

- increased mobility

- led to new businesses

- encourage urban expansion

What were the 2 great types of communication/entertainment was formed in the 1920's

- radio

- movies

Great Migration

A movement of millions of African Americans from the rural south to north, midwest, and west cities to escape racial violence.

Prohibition

Lastly from 1920 to 1933, the nationwide ban of the production, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the United States.

Women's Suffrage

The right for women to vote in elections, and stopped in 1920 when the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote.

Seneca Falls Convention

The first woman's rights convention in the US that began the organization of the women's suffrage movement through the Declaration of Sentiments.

Red Scare

A period of time when an intense fear of anti-communism took over US citizens after WW1, where the public and government feared radical leftists and Soviet spies that could potentially take over American society.

Nativism

The policy of protecting the interests of a native-born or inhabitants against immigrants.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

An activist who helped begin the women's rights movement in the mid-19th century and organized the first woman's rights convention known as Seneca Falls Convention.

Volstead Act

A US law that enforced the 18th amendment that banned production, sale, and transportation of alcohol from 1920-1933.

Immigration Act of 1924

US law that established national origins quotas, greatly limited immigration from southern and eastern Europe except Asians in order to preserve American homogeneity by favoring northern Europeans.

Assembly Line

A manufacturing method when a product moves down a line with each worker/machine having a specific task till the item is totally complete.

Palmer Raids

A series of violent US government operations led by Attorney General A Mitchell Palmer in order to arrest and deport suspected radicals, communists, socialists, and anarchists during post WW1 fears - red scares.

Red Summer

During 1919 when white supremacist terrorism and racial riots targeted African American communities and occurred in US cities over fear of job competition because of the Great Migration that moved more African Americans north after WW1.

Declaration of Sentiments

"Women Declaration of Independence" a document from the first women's rights movement convention (Seneca Falls Convention) that stated that men and women are created equal and demanded equal rights for women such as education, property, and voting.

What is the Immigration Act also called

- National Origins Act

- Reed Johnson Act

What did the Immigration Act of 1917 do

the 1st introduction of restrictions on immigration

What was the immigration quota in the 1920's

allowed immigration equal to 3% of each nationalities foreign born populations based off 1910 census

What did the immigration act of 1920's limit the total immigrants to be

350,000

Which president pass the 1921 immigration act

president warren harding

What changes did the immigration act 1924 had compared to the 1921 Act

reduced quota from 3% to 2%

what census did the immigration act of 1924 go based of off

1890 census

What population did the immigration act of 1924 base from

the total US population ancestry

Who did the Immigration Act of 1924 favor

northern and western Europe

who did the immigration act of 1924 reduce or discriminate against

southern and eastern Europe

What ethnicity did the Immigration Act of 1924 totally discriminate against

Asian ancestry

How did the immigration act of 1924 cause tensions between the US and Japan

all Asian and Japanese immigrants were effectively banned from the United States

What is prohibition

the nationwide ban on the production, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the U.S. (not literal action)

Which Act enforced the 18th Amendment

the Volstead Act

What were the causes of prohibition

- Social reform movements

- religion and morality

- women's rising political voice

- workplace efficiency

- Impact on WW1

How did Social Reform Movements affect passing prohibition

temperance movements lead by women groups believed alcohol caused social problems

How did Religion and Morality affect passing prohibition

protestant groups saw drinking as sinful and banning alcohol would create more moral/disciplined society

How did Women's Rising Political Voices affect the passing of prohibition

women gained more influence in politics and women saw banning alcohol a way of protecting families

How did Workplace Efficiency affect the passing of prohibition

industrial owners believed alcohol made workers unreliable

How did WW1 impact the passing of prohibition

grain used to make alcohol was seen as needed for WW and anti - immigrant acts

What were the effects of the passing of prohibition act and 18th amendment

- rise in organized crime

- government lost money

- widespread disrespect for the law

When was the first and only time a US Amendment was fully overturned

the 21st amendment repealing the ban of alcohol

What organized crime groups came together during prohibition

- bootleggers

- speakeasies

How did prohibition affect the governments money

lost revenue due to no alcohol tax being brought in

How did prohibition affect the respect for the law

since many police officers were braded the law (prohibition) was never really enforced

When was the 18th amendment repealed

1933

How long did prohibition last

1920 -- 1933

What was the purpose of the 18th Amendment.

declared the national goal

What was purpose of the Volstead Act

explained the rules and penalties

How did the 18th amendment and Volstead act work together

in order for the amendment to work it needed to be put in place by a law, that law being the Volstead act

What was the Harlem Renaissance

a cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement created in Harlem, New York by black african americans

What were the Goals of the Harlem Renaissance

- promote racial pride and cultural achievement

- challenge negative stereo types of african americans

- address social injustice

- use art, poetry, and music as tools for change

What did poets use their writings for ?

- express racial pride and identity

- confront discrimination and injustice

- demand equality and respect

WHo were 3 major poets during the Harlem Renaissance

- Langston Hughes

- Claude McKay

- Countee Cullen

What did Jazz music represent during the Harlem Renaissance

- freedom

- creativity

- induvial expression

How did Jazz music challenge racial boundaries

it gained popularity with both black and white audience

What was Jazz during the Harlem Renaissance

a cultural force

How did Art socially impact during the Harlem Renaissance

- encouraged african americans to feel pride

- challanged white americans views of african americans

- laid groundwork for civil rights movement

- proved that art can be a powerful form of protest and expression

What was discovered about of Art during the Harlem Renaissance

it could be a powerful form of protest and expression