world unit 3

Q: What happened at the Tennis Court Oath?

The Third Estate agreed to create a constitution for France

Q: What did the Third Estate want?

Constitutional rights + representation

Q: What are the three estates?

1st: Clergy | 2nd: Nobility | 3rd: Common people (98%)

Q: What was the goal of the Congress of Vienna?

Balance of power in Europe

Q: What else did the Congress of Vienna do?

Restore monarchs to power

Q: Why surround France with strong countries?

Prevent future aggression from Napoleon

Q: What was NOT a goal of the Congress of Vienna?

Creating democracy in Europe

Q: How did Napoleon gain power?

Coup d'état

Q: How did Napoleon become emperor?

He crowned himself

Q: What reforms did Napoleon make?

Fair tax system, public schools, Napoleonic Code

Q: Why did people support Napoleon?

He restored order and stability

Q: Who did America fight for independence?

Great Britain

Q: What idea connects the American and French Revolutions?

Taxation without representation

Q: Similarity between English Bill of Rights and U.S. Constitution?

Both protect rights and limit government power

Q: Why was the U.S. Constitution created?

To fix weaknesses and create a strong but limited government

Q: What was the first Latin American country to gain independence?

Haiti

Q: Who led Mexican independence?

Miguel Hidalgo

Q: Similarity between Boxer Rebellion, Sepoy Rebellion, and Opium Wars?

Rise of nationalism against foreign control

Q: What was a result of the Sepoy Rebellion?

Britain took direct control of India

Q: What did Britain trade with China?

Opium

Q: What is imperialism?

One country controls another politically or economically

Q: How did industrialization impact cities?

Urbanization

Q: What were working conditions like during industrialization?

Dirty, dangerous, long hours, underpaid

Q: Typical work hours during industrialization?

14 hours/day, 6-7 days/week

Q: What were social effects of industrialization?

Women and children working, more social problems

Q: What reforms came from industrialization?

Labor laws, child labor laws, unions

Q: What resources were needed to industrialize?

Coal and iron

Q: What are the 3 factors of production?

Land, labor, capital

Q: What is capital?

Money or resources used for production

Q: What did the steam engine do?

Powered machines

Q: Another impact of the steam engine?

Revolutionized transportation

Q: Why was the steam engine important?

Factories no longer needed water sources

Q: What is laissez-faire economics?

No government interference in the economy

Q: What did Adam Smith believe?

Free markets and the invisible hand

Q: What did Karl Marx believe?

Wealth should be shared — communism

Q: What did the Meiji Restoration do?

Modernized and industrialized Japan

Q: Who unified Germany?

Otto von Bismarck

Q: What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

Divide Africa among European powers

Q: How did Europeans control empires?

Military technology, transportation, and communication

Q: What was the first mass-production industry?

Textiles

Q: What is a coup d'état?

Sudden overthrow of the government, often mil