Studied by 3 people
Species
A set of individuals that share similar traits and can mate and produce fertile offspring
Classification
Grouping of objects or information based on similarities and differences
Binomial Nomenclature
Two-Part naming system; must be in Latin
First word of the Binomial Nomenclature
Identifies genus (ex. Felis domesticus, house cat)
Genus (pl. Genera)
Consists of group of similar species
Second Word of the Binomial Nomenclature
Identifies species specific epithet (ex. Felis domesticus, house cat)
Epithet
Describes a specific characteristic of an organism
Format of Binomial Nomenclature [3]
Must be in Latin (dead language → cannot change)
Should be italicized in print or underlined in writing
First letter of the Genus name is capitalised; all other letters, including the first letter of the epithet, are in lowercase (Genus epithet)
Ex. The banana, Musa paradisiaca, or
The banana, Musa paradisiaca
Variation
Differences between individuals (within a species), caused by different genetic information
(human) Chromosomes
A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell made up of DNA, which stores genetic information
Karyotype
An individual’s full set of chromosomes. It can be used to identify diseases, such as Down Syndrome
Karyotyping
arrangement of chromosomes from:
largest to smallest,
the position of the centromere, and
the banding pattern and satellite endings
Types of Chromosomes [2]
Autosomes - first 22 pairs (44)
Sex Chromosomes - 23rd pair (2)
46 chromosomes total; 23 pairs
Number of Chromosomes?
Each species has the same number of chromosomes (ex. all humans should have 46 chromosomes total; mosquitoes have 6, and garden peas have 14)
Note 
Flashcard (32)