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21 Terms

1
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What occurs between a solid and liquid during fusion?

Fusion occurs when a solid melts into a liquid.

2
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What is the process called when a substance transitions from gas to liquid?

The process is called condensation.

3
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What is an endothermic phase change?

A phase change that absorbs heat, such as fusion or vaporization.

4
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What happens to the temperature when energy is added to a substance in two phases?

The temperature does not change because the energy is used to overcome intermolecular forces.

5
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What determines if a substance is solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature?

The strength of the intermolecular forces.

6
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What is vapor pressure?

The pressure of the liquid vapor at equilibrium.

7
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What does a higher vapor pressure indicate about intermolecular forces?

Higher vapor pressure indicates weaker intermolecular forces.

8
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What is the boiling point related to in terms of vapor pressure?

Boiling occurs when vapor pressure equals external pressure.

9
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What is sublimation?

Sublimation is the process of converting a solid directly into a gas.

10
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What are the three main types of intermolecular forces?

The three types are dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and London dispersion forces.

11
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Which atoms can form hydrogen bonds?

The electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine can form hydrogen bonds.

12
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What is the predominant intermolecular force in Br2?

Dispersion forces, because Br2 is a nonpolar molecule.

13
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What happens to the boiling point as intermolecular forces increase?

As intermolecular forces increase, the boiling point increases.

14
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What is the process of a liquid transitioning to a gas called?

The process is called vaporization.

15
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What is deposition?

Deposition is the process of gas turning directly into a solid.

16
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Which intermolecular force is the strongest?

Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular force.

17
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What characterizes nonpolar molecules in relation to intermolecular forces?

Nonpolar molecules primarily experience London dispersion forces.

18
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How does temperature affect vapor pressure?

Increasing temperature generally increases vapor pressure due to increased kinetic energy.

19
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What is the triple point?

The triple point is where solid, liquid, and gas coexist in equilibrium.

20
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What is the reverse phase transition from liquid to solid called?

The reverse phase transition is called freezing.

21
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What happens to vapor pressure when intermolecular forces are stronger?

Stronger intermolecular forces lead to lower vapor pressure.