Economics HL 2.4, 2.7, 2.8

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Rational Consumer Choice

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Behavioural Economics

15 Terms

1

Rational Consumer Choice

The assumption that consumers make decisions based on rational calculations and select choices that maximize their utility.

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2

Perfect Information

The assumption that individuals have access to all information available at all times in order to make the best possible decision.

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3

Biases

Influences on decision-making that can lead to deviations from rational behavior, such as common sense, intuition, emotions, and personal/social norms.

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4

Bounded Rationality

The limitation of rational decision-making due to factors such as thinking capacity, availability of information, lack of time, and too many choices.

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5

Bounded Self-Control

The limitation of individuals to regulate their behavior and make decisions in the face of conflicting desires or impulses.

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6

Bounded Selfishness

The recognition that individuals do not always act within their own self-interest and may engage in selfless actions without expecting anything in return.

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7

Imperfect Information

The recognition that information is not perfectly accessible due to factors such as intellectual property rights, cost of accessing information, and the amount of information available.

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8

Choice Architecture

The intentional design of how choices are presented to influence decision-making, including default choices, restricted choices, and mandated choices.

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9

Nudge Theory

The practice of influencing choices using small prompts to guide behavior while still allowing individuals to have freedom of choice.

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10

Profit Maximization

The rational business objective of maximizing profits by producing at the level where marginal cost equals marginal revenue.

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11

Growth

The objective of increasing sales revenue and market share to benefit from economies of scale and reduce the likelihood of failure.

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12

Revenue Maximization

The short-term strategy of maximizing revenue by producing up to the level where marginal revenue equals zero.

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13

Market Share

The objective of increasing market share by maximizing sales, often achieved through lower prices and clearing stock during sales.

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14

Satisficing

The decision-making approach where businesses aim to meet a minimum threshold or standard of performance rather than striving for the absolute best outcome.

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15

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

The practice of conducting business activity in an ethical way and balancing the interests of shareholders with those of the wider community.

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