health evaluation points

kendler and prescott

strengths : rich, detailed info, large sample, empirical evidence for biomedical model.

weaknesses : reductionist, only females (who are more susceptible to addiction).

roseman et al

strengths : controlled variables = highly replicable, high internal validity.

weaknesses : poor external validity and eco validity (only men were used), personalities are much more complex than ‘type A’ and ‘type B’.

alexander ‘rat park’

strengths : shows clear environmental impact on addiction, holistic approach.

weaknesses : using rats may not be generalisable to humans, small number of rats under specific conditions, ethics.

weinstein

strengths : well controlled = highly replicable and internal validity.

weaknesses : self reported (possible demand characteristics), not generalisable (no smoker/ drinkers), low eco validity.

neupert et al

strengths : large sample, structured interviews = highly replicable, clear comparison across participants.

weaknesses : closed questions, not representative of other cultures (only sweden).

felitti et al

strengths : large sample size, confirms other research.

weaknesses : self reported (demand characteristics), unclear how ACEs interact and contribute differently.

vandelanotte et al

strengths : highly standardised (interviews), replicable.

weaknesses : self reported, maybe optimism bias, no cause and effect relationship.