Chapter 23: Wiring of the Brain

The central nervous system consists of the following 5.

1. Cerebral hemispheres
2. diencephalon
3. cerebellum
4. brainstem
5. spinal cord

The peripheral nervous system is divided into these two components:

1. Sensory Components
2. Motor Components

The sensory component of the peripheral nervous system consists of the following?

Sensory ganglia and nerves

The motor component of the peripheral nervous system consists of the following?

Visceral motor system and somatic motor system

The visceral motor system contains the following:

Autonomic ganglia and nerves.

The somatic motor system contains the following:

Motor Nervess

The first cells to migrate away from the dorsal ventricular zone are destined to reside in a layer called the ________________

subplate

Immature neurons are known as

neural precursor cells

The neural __________________ _______ destined to become the adult cortex migrate after the subplate.

precursor cells

The process by which a cell takes on the appearance and characteristics of a neuron is called ______ _____________________ .

cell differentiation

The neural precursor cells cross the subplate and form another cell layer called the _____________ ______________.

cortical plate

__________________________ are the last cells to differentiate.

Oligodendrocytes

Mature cortical cells can be classified as _____________ or _______________.

Glia; neurons

Cortical pyramidal neurons and astrocytes derive from the ___________________

dorsal ventricular zone

inhibitory interneurons and oligodendrocytes derived from the __________________ ________________________.

ventral telencephalon

The first cells to migrate away from the dorsal ventricular zone are destined to rside in a layer called a ______________.

subplate

Where are cortical neurons born?

ventricular zone

The growing tip of the neurite is called __________ __________.

growth cone

This is a mechanism that causes axons growing together to stick together.

Fasciculation

Fasciculation is due to the experssion of specific surface molecules called, _____________-_______________ ___________________.

cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs)

________________ is a diffusible molecule that acts over a distance to attract growing axons toward their targets.

chemoattractants

________________ is a diffusible molecule that chases axons away.

chemorepellent

Family of related trophic proteins collectively is called _________________________________.

neurotrophins

binocular arrangement of the cortex is called ______________ _________ _______.

ocular dominance shift

Plasticity diminishes when axon growth ______________.

ceases

Plasticity diminishes when synaptic transmission ______________.

matures

Plasticity diminishes when cortical activation is ____________________.

constrained