Spanish Colonial Literature in the Philippines

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key people, events, books, genres, and terms from Spanish Colonial literature in the Philippines.

The Philippines was colonized by Spain for __ years, from 1565 to 1898.

333

In 1521, Portuguese explorer __ led the first Spanish expedition that reached the Philippines.

Ferdinand Magellan

Magellan named the islands __ when he claimed them for Spain.

Islas de San Lazaro

The name Las Islas Filipinas was first applied to Samar and Leyte in 1543 by __.

Ruy López de Villalobos

__ arrived in Cebu in 1565 and became the first Governor-General of the Philippines.

Miguel López de Legazpi

Manila was declared the capital of the Spanish colony in the Philippines in the year __.

1571

The Spanish referred to the native Filipinos as __.

indios

Spanish colonial suppression in the __ century led to the deprivation of indigenous Philippine literature.

16th

Spanish-period literature was broadly classified into __ and secular works.

religious

The native script Baybayin was replaced by the Spanish Roman alphabet called the __.

abecederio

During Spanish rule, the literary language was predominantly __, traditionally called Castillan.

Spanish

The first book printed in the Philippines, released in 1593, was __.

Doctrina Cristiana

Doctrina Cristiana was printed by the __ Press.

Dominican

The second book printed in the Philippines, published in 1602, was __.

Nuestra Señora del Rosario

__ by Fernando Bagongbanta is one of the earliest printed attempts to document Tagalog vocabulary.

Libro de la Lengua Tagala

Fr. Modesto de Castro, called the Father of Classic Tagalog Prose, wrote __, a correspondence between two sisters.

Urbana at Felisa

__ by Fr. Mariano Sevilla is a collection of songs for the Virgin Mary sung during Flores de Mayo.

Ang mga Dalit kay Maria

Filipinos who mastered both Spanish and the native languages in writing and speech were known as __.

ladinos

The native verse sung by a leader during a novena is called __.

Talindaw

The choral response to the talindaw is known as __.

Pabinian

A two- or four-line verse invoking the Virgin Mary is the __.

Dalit kay Maria

An extended versified biography of saints is known as a __.

Buhay

The dodecasyllabic romantic narrative poem exemplified by Florante at Laura is called an __.

awit

Ibong Adarna is an example of a __, an octosyllabic narrative song about legends.

corrido

The long chant narrating the life and sufferings of Jesus sung during Lent is called __.

Pasyon (Ang Pasyon ni Kristo)

Pamulinawen and Manang Biday are folk songs from the __ region.

Ilokano

The musical comedy or melodrama in three acts reserved for the elite is called a __.

zarzuela

The short exaggerated musical comedy staged for lower-class audiences is known as a __.

sainete

The ritual play portraying St. Helena’s search for the True Cross is the __.

Tibag

The passion-and-death drama traditionally staged during Lent is the __.

Cenaculo

The Christmas-eve drama of Mary and Joseph seeking lodging is called __.

Panunuluyan

The Easter dawn meeting of the Risen Christ and Mary is dramatized in the play called __.

Salubong

The shadow-puppet drama performed on moonless fiesta nights is the __.

Carillo

The dramatic joust that replaced duplo and is named in honor of Francisco Baltazar is the __.

Balagtasan

The poetic debate performed at wakes using biblical proverbs, which replaced karagatan, is the __.

Duplo

The poetic contest held at a wake based on a princess’s lost ring legend is the __.

Karagatan

The town-fiesta play about battles between Christian princes and Muslim sultans is called __.

Moro-moro

The introduction of __ and typography accelerated the spread of poetry during the Spanish period.

xylography

Individuals of the enlightened Filipino upper class educated in Europe during Spanish rule were called __.

ilustrados