Forces, WEP, Momentum and Impulse

Normal force

The force or the component of a force which a surface exerts on an object with which it is in contact, and which is perpendicular to the surface

Frictional force

The force that opposes the motion of an object and which acts parallel to the surface

Static frictional force

The force that opposes the tendency of motion of a stationary object relative to a surface

Kinetic frictional force

The force that opposes the motion of a moving object relative to a surface

Newton's first law of motion

A body will remain in its state of rest or motion at constant velocity unless a non-zero resultant/net force acts on it

Newton's second law of motion

When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force and the acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

Newton's second law of motion in terms of momentum

The net (or resultant) force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the object in the direction of the net force

Newton's third law of motion

When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A

Weight

The gravitational force the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface

Momentum

The product of an object's mass and its velocity

Impulse

The product of the resultant/net force acting on an object and the time the net force acts on the object

Isolated system (in Physics)

A system on which the net external force is zero

Principle of conservation of linear momentum

The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant (is conserved)

Work-energy theorem

The work done on an object by a net force is equal to the change in the object's kinetic energy

Conservative force

A force for which the work done in moving an object between two points is independent of the path taken

Non-conservative force

A force for which the work done in moving an object between two points depends on the path taken

Principle of conservation of mechanical energy

The total mechanical energy (sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy) in an isolated system remains constant

Power

The rate at which work is done or energy is expended