UPPINT.UNIT 8

attack (on)

(n) /əˈtæk/ strong criticism of sb/sth in speech or in writing

awe-inspiring

(adj) /ˈɔː ɪnspaɪərɪŋ/ making you feel respect and admiration

based (on)

(phr v) /beɪst/ if one thing is based on another, it uses it or is developed from it

better off (without)

(idiom) /ˈbetə(r) ɒf/ used to say that sb is/would be happier or more satisfied if they were in a particular position or did a particular thing

brutal

(adj) /ˈbruːtl/ violent and cruel

concerned (about)

(adj) /kənˈsɜːnd/ worried and feeling concern about sth

countless

(adj) /ˈkaʊntləs/ too many to be counted or mentioned

critical

(adj) /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ extremely important because a future situation will be affected by it

depend (on)

(v) /dɪˈpend/ to rely on sb/sth and be able to trust them

distressing

(adj) /dɪˈstresɪŋ/ making you feel extremely upset, especially because of sb's suffering

empathy (for)

(n) /ˈempəθi/ the ability to understand another person's feelings, experience, etc.

fraction (of)

(n) /ˈfrækʃn/ a small part or amount of sth

ingredient (in)

(n) /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ one of the things from which sth is made, especially one of the foods that are used together to make a particular dish

massive

(adj) /ˈmæsɪv/ very large, heavy and solid

rise (in)

(n) /raɪz/ an increase in an amount, a number or a level

(threaten a) species

(n) /ˈspiːʃiːz/ a group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other and produce healthy young are divided

thanks to

(idiom) /θæŋks tə/ used to say that sth has happened because of sb/sth

threatened with

(phr) /ˈθretnd wɪð/ to feel at risk of hurt or abuse if someone else

does not get what they want from you

wipe out

(phr v) /waɪp aʊt/ to destroy or remove sb/sth completely

face the music

(idiom) /feɪs ðə ˈmjuːzɪk/ to accept and deal with criticism or punishment for sth you have done

face up to (the facts)

(idiom) /feɪs ʌp tə/ to accept and deal with sth that is difficult or unpleasant

in the face of

(idiom) /ɪn ðə feɪs ɒv/ despite problems, difficulties, etc.

let's face it

(phr v) /lets feɪs ɪt/ used to convey that one must be realistic about an unwelcome fact or situation

light

(adj) /laɪt/ small in quantity, easy to digest

on the face of it

(idiom) /ɒn ðə feɪs ɒv ɪt/ used to say that sth seems to be good, true, etc. but that this opinion may need to be changed when you know more about it

put on a brave face

(idiom) /pʊt ɒn ə breɪv feɪs/ to pretend that you feel confident and happy when you do not

(overexploit) resources

(n) /rɪˈsɔːsɪz/ a supply of sth that a country, an organization or a person has and can use

snack

(n) /snæk/ a small meal or amount of food, usually eaten in a hurry

(talk) until we're blue in the face

(idiom) /ənˈtɪl wɪə(r) bluː ɪn ðə feɪs/ to try to do sth as hard and as long as you possibly can but without success

banquet

(n) /ˈbæŋkwɪt/ a formal meal for a large number of people, usually for a special occasion

Chinese

(adj) /tʃaɪˈniːz/ from or connected with China

classic

(adj) /ˈklæsɪk/ with all the features you would expect to find, typical

(traditional) dish

(n) /dɪʃ/ food prepared in a particular way as part of a meal

emergency

(n) /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it

(standard) fare

(n) /feə(r)/ food that is offered as a meal

individual

(adj) /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ connected with one person/thing

(side) order

(n) /ˈɔːdə(r/ a small amount of food ordered in a restaurant to go with the main dish, but served separately

(double) portion

(n) /ˈpɔːʃn/ an amount of food that is large enough for one person

(emergency) ration

(n) /ˈræʃn/ a fixed amount of food, fuel, etc. that you are officially allowed to have when there is not enough for everyone to have as much as they want

six-course

(adj) /sɪks kɔːs/ a formal meal that has six courses

result (in)

(phr v) /rɪˈzʌlt/ to make sth happen

(fast-food) takeaway

(n) /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ a meal that you buy at a restaurant that you eat somewhere else

struggle

(v) /ˈstrʌɡl/ to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems

(protect) animal

(n) /ˈænɪml/ a creature that is not a bird, a fish, a reptile, an insect or a human

bake

(v) /beɪk/ to cook food in an oven without extra fat or liquid

barbecue

(n) /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ an outdoor meal or party when food is cooked on a metal frame outdoors over an open fire

boil

(v) /bɔɪl/ to cook or wash sth in boiling water

carbon emissions

(n) /ˈkɑːbən iˈmɪʃnz/ carbon gas that is sent out into the atmosphere

(maintain an) ecosystem

(n) /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ all the plants and living creatures in a particular area considered in relation to their physical environment

(prevent) fires

(n) /ˈfaɪəz/ flames that are out of control and destroy buildings, trees, etc.

fry

(v) /fraɪ/ to cook sth in hot fat or oil

grill

(v) /ɡrɪl/ to cook food under or over a very strong heat

(destroy a) habitat

(n) /ˈhæbɪtæt/ the place where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found

(cause an) imbalance

(n) /ɪmˈbæləns/ a situation in which two or more things are not the same size or are not treated the same, in a way that is unfair or causes problems

(have an) impact

(n) /ˈɪmpækt/ the powerful effect that sth has on sb/sth

(conserve) nature

(n) /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ all the plants, animals and things that exist in the universe that are not made by people

poach

(v) /pəʊtʃ/ to cook food gently in a small amount of liquid

(ban harmful) practices

(n) /ˈpræktɪsɪz/ a way of doing sth that is the usual or expected way in a particular organization or situation

roast

(v) /rəʊst/ to cook food, especially meat, without liquid in an oven or over a fire

scramble

(v) /ˈskræmbl/ to cook an egg by mixing the white and yellow parts together and heating them, sometimes with milk and butter

steam

(v) /stiːm/ to place food over boiling water so that it cooks in the steam

stew

(v) /stjuː/ to cook sth slowly, or allow sth to cook slowly, in liquid in a closed dish

stir-fry

(v) /ˈstɜː fraɪ/ to cook thin strips of vegetables or meat quickly by stirring them in very hot oil

toast

(v) /təʊst/ to make sth, especially bread, turn brown by heating it in a toaster or close to heat

toxic waste

(n) /ˈtɒksɪk weɪst/ poisonous waste materials