APWH: Midterm Study Guide Unit 1-4

Abbasid Caliphate

third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. It lasted from 750 CE-1250, but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish army it had created, the Mamluks. In the 13th century the Mongols displaced them.

American web

The pre-Columbian trade network connecting parts of the Americas, though it was less extensive than Eurasian networks. This network facilitated the exchange of luxury goods and ideas across vast distances, with four main nodes of activity emerging around 1000-1500 CE: Cahokia, Chaco Canyon, Mesoamerica, and the Inca Empire in the Andes.

Arabian camel

A domesticated camel native to the Arabian Peninsula, renowned for its ability to travel long distances in harsh desert environments and used primarily for transportation and trade in ancient times.

Astrolabe

An ancient navigational instrument used to measure the altitude of celestial bodies, aiding sailors in determining their latitude at sea.

Aztec