history review questions and answers. (mainly the 7 years war)

what was happening in the ohio river valley, around the time of the join or die cartoon?

Conflict in the Ohio Valley was heating up. The British were planning to establish

settlements in the area and were trying to drive out the French. The French reacted

by attacking British colonists across the frontier and setting fire to their homes.

Many colonists were injured or killed in these attacks, or were scared into fleeing

the area. The French built more forts in the Ohio Valley to keep the British back.

was future american president George washington successful in taking over fort Duquesne?

Originally George Washington was defeated by the French, along with warriors

from the Shawnee, Delaware, and Seneca nations. Eventually the British finally

succeeded in 1758, when the war began to turn in their favour.

why did the British begin to seizing hundreds of french merchant ships n 1754?

They could then take the goods and use them for trade or sell them.

how did the french and British military strategies (not fighting styles) differ in the seven years war?

France focused its attention on fighting in Europe. This limited the number of troops it sent to

defend its economic interests in North America.

Protecting the sugar trade was a higher priority to France. By contrast, the British believed that

success in North America would help them defeat

the French in Europe. During the Seven Years’ War, Britain sent 20 000 additional soldiers to

North America. The French, for the most part, let their

colonists fight for themselves.

why did the British want to take over Quebec city? Geographically, what made it so hard to attack?

The British wanted to take over Quebec City to gain control of the St. Lawrence River, a crucial supply route. The city's location on high cliffs and its fortified defenses made it difficult to assault its walls.

what was British general James wolfe’s plan to successful take quebec city? did it work?

James Wolfe's plan was to have British ships travel down the St. Lawrence river at night then have

British soldiers climb the cliff to reach the plains of Abraham where and the actual battle between

the British and the French would take place.

what did the signing of the treaty of Paris signify?

The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 marked the end of the Seven Years' War, resulting in significant land territorial changes. Britain gained control over Canada and Florida, while France ceded its North American territories, reshaping colonial power dynamics.

what did the British do the first nations that created conflict between the two groups?

France focused its attention on fighting in Europe. This limited the number of troops it sent to

defend its economic interests in North America.

Protecting the sugar trade was a higher priority to France. By contrast, the British believed that

success in North America would help them defeat

the French in Europe. During the Seven Years’ War, Britain sent 20 000 additional soldiers to

North America. The French, for the most part, let their

colonists fight for themselves.

what is bag’gat’iway and how did the first nations use this attack British settlements

Bag'gat'iway refers to a strategic surprise attack used by some First Nations against British settlements during the colonial period. This method of guerrilla warfare allowed them to resist British encroachment.

what was the royal proclamation? what did it sate?

This proclamation was an announcement that the British were taking over the government of Québec. It also clearly reserved land for First Nations and promised hunting and fishingrights.

what were the conditions of the articles of capitulation

The Articles of Capitulation were intended to protect the future of all residents of New France, including the

Canadiens, Acadians, and First Nations.

what options did the british have when governing its new colony of French­speaking Roman Catholics?

Expulsion: Force the French to leave.

­ Preservation: Allow the French to keep their laws, language, and religion; allow First Nations to stay on

lands reserved for them.

­ Isolation: Create separate areas for French, British, and First Nations to live, where they could have their own

governments, religions, and languages.

­ Assimilation: Force the French and First Nations to become British subjects and enforce British laws,

language, customs, and religion.

­ Biculturalism Allow both British and French cultures to co­exist.

why did the British want to take over Quebec?

Quebec city was a central point in the fur trade, a shipping centre, and a stopping point for soldiers, traders, and settlers moving west. Geographically, it was a stronghold, hard to attack, because of its location high on a cliff overlooking the St. Lawrence River.

what did swearing the oath of alliance do?

This oath was a public declaration of loyalty to the British King. By swearing the oath, the French were promising

to be good and loyal citizens and follow the new British rules. As part of their oath of allegiance, anyone who

wanted to hold a position of power within the government had to swear an oath accepting the

Protestant faith.

what French rights were restored once the quebec act was passed?

• guarantee of religious freedom

• allowance for Catholics to hold political positions

• restoration of the French civil law system

• restoration of the seigneurial system

• expansion of French territory

Proclamation of 1763