"Hardware, Communications, Infrastructure, and Cloud" Based off of Study Guide by Alex

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25 Terms

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CPU

The central processing unit; it executes instructions and performs calculations for programs.

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memory (RAM)

Volatile storage that holds data and instructions currently being used by the CPU.

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volatile memory

Memory that loses its contents when the power is turned off, such as RAM and cache.

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non-volatile storage

Storage that retains data even when power is off, e.g., SSDs, HDDs, thumb drives.

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IoT

The Internet of Things; a network of interconnected physical devices that collect and share data.

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digital reality

A collective term for technologies like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR).

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BYOD

Bring Your Own Device - a policy that allows employees to use personal devices for work purposes.

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client/server computing

A model where client devices request resources/services from centralized servers.

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operating system

System software that manages hardware resources and provides a platform for applications.

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virtual machine

Software that simulates a physical computer, allowing multiple OSs to run on one host.

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virtual networking

A network where software-based entities simulate network connections and traffic flow.

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user interface

The part of a computer system that allows users to interact with the system, such as GUIs.

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browser

Software used to access and navigate the World Wide Web (e.g., Chrome, Firefox).

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FTP

File Transfer Protocol - a standard for transferring files between computers over a network.

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LAN

Local Area Network - a network connecting computers within a limited area like an office.

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WAN

Wide Area Network - a network that spans a large geographic area and connects multiple LANs.

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data packet

A formatted unit of data sent across a network using packet-switching techniques.

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TCP/IP

A suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the Internet.

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analog and digital signals

Analog is continuous and variable, digital is discrete and binary (0s and 1s).

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cellular networking

A wireless communication method that uses cell towers and mobile devices to transmit data.

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wireless LAN

A local area network that uses wireless communication (Wi-Fi) instead of wired connections.

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URL

Uniform Resource Locator - the address used to access a resource on the Internet.

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World Wide Web

An information system on the Internet that allows access to documents through web browsers via hyperlinks.

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VPN

Virtual Private Network - encrypts internet connections for secure, private communication over public networks.

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cloud service offerings

Services delivered via the cloud, such as IaaS (Infrastructure), PaaS (Platform), and SaaS (Software).