Scramble for Africa

Europe wanted what from africa?

resources!

What was the scramble for Africa?

the rapid colonization and division of Africa by European powers in the late 1800s

What caused it?

industrialization, nationalism, competition for power, aqnd belief in European superiority

how was it affected by nationalism?

european nations wanted colonies to prove strength and gain prestige compared to rivals

why colonize africa?

Trade routes, ports, military bases, especially near the suez canal

social darwinism?

stronger nations had the right to dominate the weaker ones, used to justify imperialism

Berlin Conference?

European powers set rules for colonizing Africa without African involvement

Why was the Berlin Conference unfair?

Africans had no vote, and borders were drawn without regard to ethnic or cultural groups

Who were the main colonizers?

Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Portugal, and Italy.

King Leopold II?

Belgian King who personally controlled the congo and exploited it brutally for rubber

Tech to beat Africans?

Maxim guns, steamships, railroads, and quinine (for malaria).

Long term affects?

Economic exploitation, artificial borders, loss of independence, and lasting political instability