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Critical Thinking
Purposeful mental activity (problem-solving and decision-making) that guides beliefs and actions
“___ ___ is thinking about your thinking while you're thinking in order to make your thinking better” - Richard Paul
Self-directed, self-monitored, self-corrected
Creative Thinking
A major component of critical thinking
Goal-directed thinking that leads to better solutions using new ideas
Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Standards that must be applied whenever one is interested in checking quality of reasoning
Clarity
Accuracy
Precision
Relevance
Depth
Breadth
Logic
Fairness
8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Clarity
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Understandable, the meaning can be grasped
Understanding the meaning of something
Clarity
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following situation?
A patient says “I’m feeling bad.” The nurse responds, “Can you elaborate further on that?”
Accuracy
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Free from errors and distortion, true
Accuracy
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following questions?
Is that true?
How can we find that’s true?
Precision
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Exact to the necessary levels of detail
Expand on the topic and has to be more specific, detailed
Precision
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is trying to be achieved using the following statements?
Give me more details.
Be more specific.
Relevance
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Relation to the matter at hand
Relevance
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following situation?
A patient diagnosed with diarrhea complains of being tired. The nurse investigates how the patient’s diarrhea is related to their fatigue.
Depth
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Containing the complexities and multiple interrelationships
Dealing with the most significant factors
COLDSPA
Acronym used to assess pain/to obtain depth about pain
Characteristics
Onset
Location
Duration
Severity
Pattern
Associated Signs & Symptoms
What are the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain?
Characteristics
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
Is the pain stabbing? Growing?
Onset
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
When did the pain begin?
Location
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
Where did the pain start? Right Lower Quadrant?
Duration
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
How long has the pain been occuring?
Severity
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
On a scale from 1-10, rate your pain.
Pattern
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
Is the pain straight? Constant? Irregular?
Associated Signs & Symptoms
One of the factors that need to be considered to obtain depth about pain
Are you experiencing fever? Dizziness?
Breadth
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Encompassing multiple viewpoints
Breadth
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following situation?
The nurse is trying to determine the cause of a patient’s diarrhea. Utilizing Gordon’s functional pattern, the nurse decides to take a look at the following three viewpoints:
Elimination pattern: Is the stool mushy or formed? What color is the stool?
Nutritional pattern: What does the patient eat daily?
Spiritual pattern: Does the patient’s religion influence their diet?
Logic
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Parts make sense together, no contradictions
Logic
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following situation?
The dryness of a patient’s skin may indicate diarrhea.
Fairness
One of the 8 Universal Intellectual Standards for Critical Thinking
Justifiable, not self-serving or one-sided
Fairness
What Universal Intellectual Standard for Critical Thinking is exhibited in the following question?
Do I have vested interest in this issue?
