inka

aggression

an angry feeling that makes you want to attack or defeat someone else

authority

the power to make decisions or tell people what to do

benign

kind and nice

bully

to frighten or hurt someone who is smaller or weaker than you.
-someone who frightens or hurts someone who is smaller or weaker than they are.

command

- an official order.
- to officially order someone to do something.

conquer

- to take control of land or people using soldiers.
- to gain control of a situation or emotion by making a great physical or mental effort.

consent

-permission to do something.
-to give approval for something.

controversy

a disagreement, especially about a public policy or a moral issue that a lot of people have strong feelings about

dictator

someone who uses force to take and keep power in a country

dominate

to control something or someone, often in a negative way, because you have more power or influence

eliminate

to get rid of something that is not wanted or needed

enforce

to make sure that a law or rule is obeyed by people

entitled

having the right to do something

exempt

allowed to ignore something such as a rule, obligation, or payment

former

used for describing someone or something that had a particular job, title, status etc in the past, but not now

impose

to introduce something such as a new law or new system, and force people to accept it

inferior

not as good as someone or something else

intimidate

to deliberately make someone feel frightened, especially so that they will do what you want

label

a piece of paper or material fastened to an object that gives information about it
-a word or phrase that is used to describe someone or something, especially one that is not completely fair or true
-to use a word or phrase to describe someone or something, especially one that is not completely fair or true

liberate

to give someone the freedom to do what they want, for example by taking them out of a situation in which their behaviour is controlled

mainstream

considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by most people
-ideas, methods, or people that are considered ordinary or normal and accepted by most people

master

a man who has control over servants or other people who work for him
-to learn something thoroughly so that you know it or can do it very well

minister

an official in charge of a government department in the UK and some other countries

monarch

a king, or a queen

prohibit

to officially stop something from being done, especially by making it illegal

reign

-the period of time when a king or queen rules a country
-if a king or queen ..., they officially rule a country

reinforce

to make an idea, belief, or feeling stronger

reluctant

not willing to do something

resist

to stop yourself from doing something that you would very much like to do
- to oppose or fight against someone or something

restrict

to keep something within strict limits

society

people in general living together in organized communities, with laws and traditions controlling the way that they behave towards one another

subject

an idea, problem, situation etc that you discuss or write about
-someone who lives in a country that is controlled by a king or queen
-to make someone experience something unpleasant

subjective

based on your own feelings and ideas and not on facts

submit

to accept that someone has defeated you or has power over you

summon

to officially order someone to come to a place, especially a court of law

superior

better than someone or something else in quality or skill

undermine

to make something or someone become gradually less effective, confident, or successful

unrest

angry or violent behaviour by people who are protesting against something

victimise

to treat someone in a deliberately unfair way

vulnerable

someone who is ... is weak or easy to hurt physically or mentally

abolish

to officially get rid of a law, system, practice etc

advocate

to publicly support a particular policy or way of doing things

alleviate

to make something less painful, severe, or serious

bureaucracy

a complicated and annoying system of rules and processes

charity

an organization to which you give money so that it can give money and help to people who are poor or ill, or who need advice and support

class

one of the groups into which people in a society are divided according to their family background, education, job, or income

community

the people who live in an area

convict

-to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime
-someone who is in prison because they have committed a crime

corruption

dishonest or illegal behaviour by officials or people in positions of power, especially when they accept money in exchange for doing things for someone

deterrent

something that makes people decide not to do something by making them realize that something unpleasant could happen to them

heritage

the art, buildings, traditions, and beliefs that a society considers important to its history and culture

immigration

the process in which people enter a country in order to live there permanently

industrial action

a protest in which workers show that they disagree with a policy of their employer, for example by striking

institution

a large organization such as a bank, hospital, university, or prison

legislation

a law, or a set of laws

prejudice

an unreasonable opinion or feeling, especially the feeling of not liking a particular group of people

prison reform

changes intended to make the prison system fairer or more effective

privileged

having advantages and opportunities that other people do not have, because you have a lot of money or high social status

prosecute

to officially accuse someone of a crime and ask a court of law to judge them

state

the government of a country

back down

to stop asking for something, or to stop saying that you will do something, because a lot of people oppose you

blend in

if someone or something ..., they are similar to the other people, objects, buildings etc around them, and so they seem appropriate or you do not notice them

bring about

to make something happen, especially to cause changes in a situation

crack down (on)

to start dealing with someone or something much more strictly

get in

to be elected for a political job

get off

to not be punished severely or at all for something that you have been accused of in court
-to have a particular period of time as a holiday
-to send something, for example in the post

give in

to stop competing or arguing and accept that you cannot win
-if you ... to something, you can no longer control the feeling of wanting it

hit back

to criticize someone who has criticized you
-to deliberately hit someone because they have hit you

lock up

to put someone in a prison
-to lock all the doors and windows of a building so that no one can get in

opt out (of)

to decide not to take part in something or to stop taking part in it

phase out

to gradually stop using something

push around

to keep telling someone what to do in an unfair and unpleasant way

single out

to choose one person from a group for special attention

stand up to

to not allow yourself to be treated badly, especially by someone in authority

take over

to take control of something
-to begin to do something that someone else was doing

talk down to

to talk to someone as if you think they are not as clever or important as you are

charge

to ask someone to pay an amount of money for something that you are selling to them or doing for them

crime

an illegal activity or action

deny

to say that you did not do something that someone has accused you of doing

example

something that you mention in order to show the type of thing that you are talking about and to help to explain what you mean

force

physical strength, or violence

grant

to allow someone to have or do what they want

law

an official rule that people must obey

lock

to fasten something such as a door or a container, usually with a key, so that other people cannot open it

peer

someone who is of the same age as another person

power

the ability to influence or control what people do or think

prison

an institution where people are kept as punishment for committing a crime

provoke

to deliberately try to make someone angry

rule

a statement explaining what someone can or cannot do in a particular system, game, or situation

sentence

a group of words, usually including a subject and a verb, that express a statement, question, or instruction
-when a judge ... someone, they officially state what someone's punishment will be

social

relating to activities that involve being with other people, especially activities that you do for pleasure

bury your head in the sand

to ignore a problem or an unpleasant situation and hope that it will disappear

gain/get/have/take the upper hand

gain/get/have/take control or advantage over a person or situation

get/have your way

be allowed to have or do what you want

live and let live

used for saying that you should accept other people's beliefs and way of life, even if they are very different from your own

pull (a few) strings

to use your influence in order to get something that you want or to help someone, especially when this is unfair

red tape

documents, rules, or processes that cause delays

take the law into your own hands

to punish someone in your own way without involving the police or the courts, often by doing something illegal yourself

the powers that be

the people who control a situation

throw the book at sb.

to punish someone very severely