Nutrition Quiz 2

A three-month-old infant girl is growing well but not sleeping through the night. Her mother thinks she may be sick because she cries so much. What is a possible explanation for an infant not sleeping through the night?

D- Increasing the frequency or duration of breast-feeding will provide more satiety

Which is a true statement concerning fats?

A- Infants need a higher percentage of their daily calories from fat than children and adults

Obesity is defined as:

E-BMI-for-age percentile ≥95th

Which of the following factors contributes to increased iron needs among adolescents?

D-All the above

Which of the following is considered a risk factor for low vitamin D status?

A-Dark skin pigmentation

Which nutrient has an increased requirement during pregnancy due to its role in preventing neural tube defects?

C-Folate

Iron requirements increase significantly during pregnancy primarily because:

C-There is an expansion of maternal blood volume and fetal iron needs

Which of the following is not typically recommended to be increased during lactation compared to pregnancy?

D-Calcium

Which fatty acid is particularly important during pregnancy and lactation for fetal brain and retina development?

C-Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Excessive intake of which vitamin during pregnancy is teratogenic and should be avoided in high doses?

B-Vitamin A

During lactation, the estimated additional daily energy requirement for a well-nourished woman in the first 6 months postpartum is approximately:

C-500 kcal/day

In women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), nutritional management focuses on:

D-Controlled carbohydrate distribution throughout the day

Which of the following is a potential consequence of maternal undernutrition during pregnancy?

B-Neural tube defects

Which micronutrient deficiency in pregnancy is most strongly associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?

B-Iron

Overnutrition in pregnancy is most commonly associated with which of the following complications?

B-Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia

Which group requires the highest protein intake per kilogram of body weight?

C-Preterm infants

As children age from infancy to early childhood, their energy needs per kilogram:

C-Decrease

What is a key nutritional priority for toddlers compared to infants?

C-Transitioning to family foods and ensuring micronutrient variety

Which of the following is the recommended exclusive source of nutrition for infants under 6 months of age?

C-Breast milk or infant formula

At what age is it appropriate to introduce iron-rich complementary foods to an infant's diet?

B-Around 4–6 months of age

A balanced diet for toddlers and preschoolers should emphasize:

C-Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and dairy

After 1 year of age, which type of milk is generally recommended for healthy toddlers?

B- Whole Milk

Which of the following practices should be encouraged during early childhood to establish healthy eating habits?

C-Responsive feeding and family meals

Compared to healthy full-term infants, preterm infants have higher needs for:

C-Energy, protein, calcium, and phosphorus

What is the best beverage choice to accompany meals in adolescents?

C- Water or Milk

Which of the following is a healthy source of protein for adolescents?

C- Boiled eggs, beans, and lean meat

Which meal pattern supports the best academic and physical performance in adolescents?

C-Eating regular meals with balanced snacks

Which of the following nutrients is often inadequate in adolescent diets, especially among girls?

B-Iron

A healthy snack option for a preadolescent would include:

B-Granola with yogurt and fruit

What is the recommended source of carbohydrates for healthy adolescents?

C-Whole grains, fruits, and vegetables

Which vitamin deficiency has been linked to delayed language development and cognitive impairment in early childhood?

B- Vitamin B12

Chronic undernutrition in early childhood is most likely to lead to:

C- Stunting and cognitive delays

Iodine deficiency in early childhood can result in:

C-Cretinism and intellectual disability

Which nutrient deficiency is most strongly associated with impaired cognitive development and decreased IQ in children?

B- Iron

Which intervention has shown the most consistent benefit in improving birth outcomes in malnourished pregnant women?

C- Balanced energy-protein supplementation

In cases of protein-energy malnutrition during pregnancy, which fetal outcome is most likely?

C-Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth

Which nutrient supplementation is especially important in a pregnant woman with sickle cell anemia?

B-Iron

Toddlers and preschoolers with special health care needs have no alterations in their nutritional needs, growth, and feeding skills.

B- False

A 21-month-old boy has a growth pattern that plots lower on the standard CDC growth chart than on the WHO growth charts; his growth is plotted incorrectly.

B-False

Metabolic rate and energy expenditure decline through the adult years. Balancing energy intake and physical activity is necessary to maintain a healthy body weight.

A-True