APUSH Cause and Effect 14-15

cause: The open, rough-and-tumble society of the American West

effect: Made Americans strongly individualistic and self-reliant

cause: Natural population growth and increasing immigration from Ireland and Germany

effect: Made the fast-growing United States the fourth most populous nation in the Western world

cause: The poverty and Roman Catholic faith of most Irish immigrants

effect: Aroused nativist hostility and occasional riots

cause- Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin

effect- Transformed southern agriculture and gave new life to slavery

cause- The passage of general incorporation and limited-liability laws

effect- enabled businesspeople to create more powerful and effective joint-stock capital ventures

cause- The early efforts of labor unions to organize and strike

effect- Aroused fierce opposition from businesspeople and guardians of law

cause: Improved western transportation and the new McCormick reaper

effect: Correct answer:
Encouraged western farmers to specialize in cash-crop agricultural production for eastern and European markets

cause- The completion of the Erie Canal in 1825

effect- Opened the Great Lakes states to rapid economic growth and spurred the development of major cities

cause- The development of a strong east-west rail network (railroad)

Bound the two northern sections together across the mountains and tended to isolate the South

cause- The replacement of household production by factory-made, store-bought goods

effect: Weakened many women's economic status and pushed them into a separate sphere of home and family

cause- The Second Great Awakening

effect- Inspired a widespread spirit of evangelical reform in many areas of American life

cause- The Mormon practice of polygamy

effect- Aroused persecution from morally traditionalist Americans and delayed statehood for Utah

cause- Women abolitionists' anger at being ignored by male reformers

effect- Aroused hostility and scorn in most of the male press and pulpit

cause- The women's rights movement

effect- Led to expanding the crusade for equal rights to include women

cause- Unrealistic expectations and conflict within perfectionist communes

effect- Caused most utopian experiments to decline or collapse in a few years

cause- The Knickerbocker and transcendentalist use of new American themes in their writing

effect- Created the first literature genuinely native to America

cause- The banning of labor unions for factory workers.

effect- Terrible conditions for factory workers. Secret labor unions like the Molly Maguires spring up.

cause- Samuel Slater escapes Britain with plans of factory system.

effect- American factories become more efficient.

cause- Herman Melville's and Edgar Allan Poe's concern with evil and suffering

effect- Made their works little understood in their lifetimes by generally optimistic Americans

cause-The Transcendentalist movement

effect- Inspired writers like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller