Untitled Flashcards Set

Dharma

The moral or ethical duty, law, or righteousness individuals must follow to live in harmony with the universe.

Karma

The belief that every action (good or bad) has consequences, affecting future outcomes in this life or the next.

Moksha

Liberation or freedom from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara), achieving spiritual enlightenment.

Brahman

The ultimate, unchanging reality or divine source in Hinduism, the essence of everything in the universe.

Atman

The individual soul or self in Hinduism, considered eternal and ultimately one with Brahman.

Rama

A hero in Hindu mythology and the main character in the Ramayana, embodying virtues like honor, courage, and righteousness.

Jainism

An ancient Indian religion emphasizing liberation and enlightenment through non-violence (ahimsa), truth (satya), and asceticism.

Caste System

A social hierarchy in ancient Indian society traditionally divided into four categories based on the division of labor.

Brahmins

The priestly and scholarly class in the caste system, responsible for religious rituals and preserving spiritual knowledge.

Kshatriyas

The warrior and ruling class in the caste system, responsible for protection and governance.

Vaishyas

The merchant and agricultural class in the caste system, responsible for trade and commerce.

Shudras

The working class in the caste system, responsible for serving the above three groups.

Reincarnation

The belief that after death, the soul is reborn into a new body, continuing a cycle until achieving moksha.

Vedas

The sacred religious texts of Hinduism, containing teachings and hymns.

Nirvana

The ultimate goal in Buddhism, a state of perfect peace and freedom from suffering and desire.

Tripitaka

The sacred scriptures of Buddhism, also known as the 'Three Baskets', containing teachings and philosophical texts.

Middle Way

The path of moderation in Buddhism, avoiding extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification.

Filial Piety

A core value in Confucianism emphasizing respect, loyalty, and care for one's parents and ancestors.

Cosmic Harmony

The idea that everything in the universe is interconnected and must work together in balance.

Wu Wei

The concept in Taoism of non-action, promoting effortless action when aligned with the Tao.

Legalism

A Chinese philosophical thought advocating strict laws and harsh punishments to maintain order.