Comprehensive Sports Medicine and Healthcare Law Review

What significant event occurred at the 1928 Olympics related to sports medicine?

The creation of the International Congress of Sports Medicine.

What does the term 'sports medicine' encompass?

All professionals concerned with enhancing performance and healthcare of physically active individuals.

What was the goal of the first medical team at the 1912 Olympics?

To oversee all athletes and prevent injuries.

What year was the National Athletic Trainers Association (NATA) formed?

1950.

What does Title IX pertain to in sports medicine?

Equal opportunities for female athletes.

What are some modern concerns addressed by sports medicine?

Injury prevention, treatment, monitoring vitals, and physical fitness tests.

What is the meaning of the root word 'derm/o'?

Skin.

What does the term 'female athlete triad' refer to?

Disordered eating, amenorrhea, and low bone mineral density.

What does the root word 'psych/o' mean?

Mind.

What does the suffix '-itis' indicate?

An inflammatory condition.

What is the significance of the 1896 Olympics for the US?

It was the first Olympic Games that the US competed in.

What is the meaning of the root word 'pulmon/o'?

Lungs.

What does the root word 'ven/o' refer to?

Vein.

What does the combining form 'my/o' signify?

Muscle.

What is the meaning of the root word 'nephr/o'?

Kidney.

What is the umbrella term for the field that includes performance enhancement and injury care?

Sports Medicine

What are the components of performance enhancement in sports medicine?

Strength and conditioning, sports psychology, biomechanics, exercise physiology, and sports nutrition.

What is the role of an athletic trainer (ATC)?

An athletic trainer is a certified professional who works in various settings to prevent and manage sports-related injuries.

What are the six domains of athletic training?

1. Prevention, 2. Recognition, evaluation, and assessment of injuries, 3. Immediate care, 4. Treatment and rehabilitation, 5. Organization and administration, 6. Professional development.

What is HIPAA?

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a law that protects patient medical records' confidentiality.

What are the penalties for violating HIPAA?

Fines up to $25,000, imprisonment up to 10 years, or a $250,000 fine.

What is OSHA?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, responsible for ensuring safe working conditions.

What is the primary focus of exercise physiology?

How the body functions during physical activity.

What is the educational requirement for a Doctor of Osteopathy (DO)?

Bachelor of Science and completion of the MCAT.

What is the role of a physical therapist?

To provide rehabilitation and treatment for patients recovering from injuries.

What must a registered nurse (RN) complete to practice?

An accredited program and pass the NCLEX-RN exam.

What is the minimum education requirement for an ATC?

A master's degree.

What does the term 'prophylactic taping' refer to?

Taping used to prevent injuries and provide support.

What is the importance of patient consent under HIPAA?

Patient consent is required before sharing medical information.

What is a common violation of HIPAA?

Improper disposal of patient records.

What is the role of a nurse practitioner?

To provide advanced nursing care, often with a master's degree.

What is the educational path for a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM)?

Completion of a podiatric college program (4 years).

What is the significance of continuing education in athletic training?

To maintain professional development and stay updated with the latest practices.

What is the purpose of the organization and administration domain in athletic training?

To manage paperwork, documentation, and physicals.

What is the consequence of insider snooping under HIPAA?

It is a violation that can lead to penalties.

What is the role of a massage therapist in sports medicine?

To aid in recovery and rehabilitation through therapeutic massage.

What is the focus of sports nutrition?

Creating diet plans and basic meal prep for athletes.

What is a common responsibility of EMTs?

To provide vital attention and transport the sick or injured.

What is the purpose of OSHA?

To ensure a safe and healthful workplace.

What must be reported to an employer?

Any injury that occurs in the workplace.

What is the difference between criminal law and civil law?

Criminal law seeks to punish offenders, while civil law seeks compensation without punishment.

Who files a civil case?

A private party.

What is the outcome of a civil case?

The defendant can be found liable or not liable.

Who files a criminal case?

The state.

What is the outcome of a criminal case?

The defendant can be found guilty or not guilty.

What is meant by 'scope of practice'?

The procedures and actions a healthcare practitioner is permitted to undertake.

What constitutes abuse in healthcare?

Any action causing unreasonable suffering or harm to a patient.

What is mandated reporting?

The legal requirement to report suspected abuse.

Define assault in a healthcare context.

A threat or attempt to inflict bodily harm on a person.

What is battery?

Unlawful and unwanted touching of a person.

What is invasion of privacy?

Failing to respect another person's right to keep personal information confidential.

What is libel?

Making false and malicious statements about a person in print or writing.

What must be proven to charge someone with slander?

The statement was false, not privileged, made negligently, and caused harm.

What is malpractice?

Failure to act correctly or legally, causing injury or loss.

What is negligence in healthcare?

Failure to perform duties with due diligence, leading to harm.

What are patient rights?

General statements covering access to care, dignity, confidentiality, and consent.

What are the responsibilities of patients?

To be responsible for their health, provide accurate information, and be respectful.

What is informed consent?

Agreement to treatment after being fully informed of risks and benefits.

What are the four principles of informed consent?

Patient ability to decide, disclosure of information, comprehension, and voluntary consent.

What is implied consent?

Assumed consent in emergencies when a patient is unable to respond.

What is an advance directive?

A legal document providing guidance for healthcare decisions if a person becomes incompetent.

What is a living will?

A document stating a patient's healthcare decisions when they cannot make them.

What is a medical power of attorney?

A designation of a person to make healthcare decisions on behalf of a patient.

What does a do not resuscitate order indicate?

A patient's wish not to have resuscitative efforts if their heart stops.

What is the role of the American Medical Association (AMA)?

To promote the interests of physicians and patients, including patient rights.

What is the significance of patient privacy?

Healthcare professionals must respect confidentiality of sensitive patient information.

What is the patient's right to a second opinion?

Patients have the right to seek a second opinion regarding their treatment options.

What does continuity of care mean?

Ensuring patients have sufficient time and assistance in finding alternative care arrangements.

What are some effective uses of social media in healthcare?

Patient care, professional networking, patient education, public health programs, and marketing services.

How can social media be used in patient care?

By asking questions, providing patient education, health monitoring, and encouraging behavioral changes.

What is the primary professional networking site mentioned?

LinkedIn.

What are some risks associated with social media in healthcare?

Damage to professional image, breach of privacy (HIPAA), violation of boundaries, and licensing or legal concerns.

What guidelines should be followed for social media use in healthcare?

Have personal and professional accounts, stay secure, be compliant, and educate.

What are ethical standards in healthcare based on?

The human principle of right and wrong, without a legal basis.

What are some examples of ethical issues in healthcare?

Patient privacy and confidentiality, disease prevention, relationships, end-of-life issues, and economic inequality.

What legal standards govern healthcare?

Medical malpractice, HIPAA compliance, and informed consent.

What is bioethics?

The study of ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine.

What are the four principles of ethics in healthcare?

Respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.

What does beneficence mean in healthcare ethics?

The duty to try to bring about benefit to the patient.

What is nonmaleficence?

The duty to prevent harm.

What does the principle of justice refer to in healthcare?

Fairness and equity in treatment.

What is the impact of virtue ethics in healthcare?

Concern for the whole of a patient's life rather than a particular episode or action.

How do religious beliefs impact healthcare?

They can affect medical decisions, gender preferences for healthcare providers, diet, medications, and adherence to prayer times.

What is situational ethics?

The belief that right and wrong depend upon the situation.

What is ethnicity?

The fact or state of belonging to a social group that shares common national or cultural traditions.

What factors contribute to economic inequality in healthcare?

Income, wealth, disability, and ethnicity.

What is the definition of harassment in a healthcare context?

Aggressive pressure or intimidation, which can be verbal, physical, non-verbal, visual, or psychological.

What should an incident report include?

The injured person's name, details about the incident, location, aggressor's information, and actions taken.

What are Blood Borne Pathogens (BBP)?

Infectious diseases that can be transmitted through blood.

What is required for anyone exposed to BBPs in their job?

Completion of OSHA training.

What are bloodborne pathogens?

Disease-producing microorganisms found in blood and other bodily fluids.

Name three bodily fluids that may contain bloodborne pathogens.

Semen, vaginal secretions, saliva (when visibly contaminated with blood).

What is MRSA?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a bacteria resistant to common antibiotics.

What are common symptoms of MRSA infections?

Red, swollen, and painful site, often described as a 'spider bite'.

What is the mode of transmission for Hepatitis A?

Fecal-oral route.

How is Hepatitis B transmitted?

Bloodborne (HBV) and there is a vaccine available.

What is the primary difference between Hepatitis B and C?

Hepatitis C is bloodborne (HCV) and has no vaccine.

What are the signs of Hepatitis infection?

Flulike symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, and jaundice.

What is the first step in controlling bleeding?

Apply direct pressure over the wound until bleeding stops.

What should you do if bleeding is excessive and gauze is soaked?

Do not remove soaked gauze; instead, add more to help coagulate blood.