Apartheid Key Knowledge

Nelson Mandela

Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU)

PW Botha

United Democratic Front (UDF)

FW de Klerk

Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)

Joe Slovo

Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB)

Cyril Ramaphosa

head of the council making the new constitution of 1996, headed ANC’s negotiations to end Apartheid

Black Consciousness

active in the 60s

Roelf Meyer

Friend of Cyril Ramaphosa, key NP leader in end to Apartheid negotiations, helped found united democratic movement

Soweto Uprising

1976

Desmond Tutu

Civilian Cooperation Bureau

Chris Hani

Third Force

Steve Biko

Total Strategy

NP’s response to threat of civil war in the 80s. Involved assassinations from the CCB, the funding of guerrilla groups, and SACF raids into surrounding countries to destroy training camps. NP tried to present itself as anticommunist, but with the Cold War ending, this was less important.

Thabo Mbeki

Divestment

Mass Democratic Movement (MDM)

Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA)

Multiparty Negotiating Forum (MPNF)

Sunset Clause

Boipatong Massacre

Massacre in 1992 by the IFP against ANC. Temporarily stopped negotiations when ANC accused NP of funding a 3rd party

Government of National Unity (GNU)

1996 Constitution

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)

Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP)

Growth Employment and Reconstruction Programme (GEAR)

Affirmative Action

Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)

Treatment Action Campaign (TAC)

case study of a successful group that lobbied for access to HIV medicine for the population.