Introduction to Rate Processes and Noncovalent Binding Interactions

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the lecture notes on rate processes and noncovalent binding interactions.

Mechanism

A mathematical model that tests the consistency of hypothesized mechanisms with overall behavior.

Binding Kinetics

Kinetics that involve binding equilibria and enzyme rate forms, such as endocytosis.

Endocytosis

The process by which cells engulf substances through vesicles.

Receptor-ligand Complex

Helps to determine steady-state levels of both free receptors and receptor-ligand complexes.

Assumptions in Rate Processes

Considerations such as tracking three molecular species, irreversibility of endocytosis, and limiting cell surface.

Material Balances

The equation that states accumulation = In - Out + Σ(produced) - Σ(consumed).

Steady State vs Equilibrium

Steady state is when processes are balanced in an open system; equilibrium is a closed system.

Mass-action Kinetics

A type of kinetics where the observed rate is proportional to the concentration of each relevant component.

Affinity

The extent of binding in noncovalent binding interactions.

Kinetics

The rates of binding and unbinding in complex formation.

Half Life in Kinetics

The time required for the concentration of a substance to reduce to half its initial value.

State Functions

Properties such as Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG), enthalpy (H), and entropy (S) that depend only on the state of the system.

Gibbs Free Energy Equation

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS; states if a reaction is spontaneous or at equilibrium.

Van't Hoff Relationship

Describes the temperature dependence of equilibrium constant and reaction enthalpy.