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Henry Clay
“Western Star” and “Great Compromiser”
He settled the dispute of the Great Compromise
Clay’s Proposal
admitted California as a free state
abolition of slave trade in capital
Stricter Fugitive Slave Act
Andrew Jackson
Made Force Bill
Supported tariffs
Stephen Douglas
Democrat
Nicknamed Little Giant
Henry Clay replacement; tried to steal his thunder
lost support to become President after he voiced his opinion rejecting Lecompton government
James Polk
became President
Believed it was America’s god given right to conquer the West
Franklin Pierce
Democrat Northern 14th President
Had a cabinet full of Southerners and mostly listened to them for policy
William Seward
became Lincoln’s right hand man
Told people to see who gains the majority in Kansas, Northerners or Southerners
Didn’t approve of slavery in the midwest
John Brown
Advocated for abolition through violent means
Moved to Kansas to vote against slavery
Pottawomie Creek Massacre
Charles Sumner
Was beaten half to death by a Southerner because he insulted the South
he got revenge later in the revolution
Dred Scott
Slave
Sued for his freedom in 1857
Case ruled all slaves and descendants as not citizens, making slavery legal everywhere in the country
James Buchanan
Democrat
Absent in political action
Did not take part in things even though lots of tragedies happened like Dred Scott, Harper’s Ferry, and Secession
Stephen Austin
His efforts helped pave the way for the Texas Revolution and eventual independence from Mexico
Established Texas in 1822
Mexico responded when too many American people began crossing over, prohibiting more people in 1830
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
formed Catholic, centrist, conservative government in Mexico which a lot of people hated
Dictator of Mexico
His actions led people of Texas to issue Texas Declaration of Independence and American Southerners aid in battle
Zachary Taylor
“Old Rough and Ready”
Elected in 1848 as a Whig
Polk lost to him
Wanted to annex California no matter what
Died soon after winning election due to illness
Winfield Scott
“Old Fuss and Feathers”
War General
Took part in the Trail of Tears
David Wilmot
Passes Wilmot Proviso
Suggests that all of the Mexican territory should be free, including California
Angers the South
Does not pass into law
Was a free-soiler
John L. O’Sullivan
Newspaper writer
Wrote about Oregon and coined the term “Manifest Destiny”
Believed that Americans have the divine right to all of North America
Many disputed on whether or not this meant Mexican territory and Cuba
John Calhoun
Disagrees with Andrew Jackson on nullification and doesn’t agree with Force Bill either
Against tariffs and was Andrew Jackson’s vice pres
Wanted to suppress abolitionists and equal rights in territories
Basically make slavery legal everywhere
Dred Scott
Slave who sued for his freedom
His case ruled that slaves and their descendants are not citizens
basically made slavery legal everywhere
Harriet Tubman
Underground Railroad
James Madison
Father of Constitution
Did Bill of Rights
Daniel Webster
Free-Soiler
All citizens should abide by Fugitive Slave Act
For tariffs
Made a final bid for the presidency in 1852 but couldn’t
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Made Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Story about a slave’s life that became popular among Northerners
Anthony Burns
1854, slave preacher that was sent back to the South after traveling North
Northerners tried to stop him from being taken back
Was held in Lumpkin’s Jail
Margaret Garner
January 1856, slave that killed her own children in order for other slaves to escape slavery
David Atchison
Led fire-eaters in fraudulent voting in Lecompton
Nat Turner
Was a religious figure
Leader of the 1831 slave uprising in Virginia
His revolt had a significant impact on the abolitionist movement
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
fought for women's suffrage and equal rights
Co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association
authored the Declaration of Sentiments.
Robert Barnwell Rhett
Ran Nashville Convention in protest of California becoming a free state
John Green Leaf Whittier
American poet and abolitionist who wrote influential poems
wrote a poem insulting Webster
Gabriel Prosser
Planned to execute a rebellion
Got ratted out and was stopped
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the statute of Religious Freedom
Bought Louisiana Purchase from France
James Monroe
made the Monroe Doctrine
Separated European powers from Western Hemisphere
5th President
Robert Hayne
Known for his debates against Daniel Webster on states' rights and nullification
Advocated for states' rights and limited federal power
Played a significant role in the Nullification Crisis
Against tariffs
John Quincy Adams
Was President and had to decide whether to keep tariffs or no tariffs
he decided to keep tariffs
William Lloyd Garrison
Wrote “The Liberator”
Believed in immediate emancipation
Free slaves now
Frederick Douglass
Editor of North Star Newspaper
Was former slave
Wrote autobiography
Thomas Benton
Against Foot Resolution
Against slavery and expansion of slavery
Samuel Foot
Foot Resolution
Public Land sale in US