Swallowing Flashcards (1)

Flashcards for Physiology of Mastication and Deglutition lecture review.

Mastication

The process of preparing food for swallowing.

Deglutition

The process of swallowing.

Oral Preparatory Phase

Food is introduced into the oral cavity, manipulated, crushed and mixed with saliva, remaining within the oral cavity.

Oral Transit Phase

Begins when the bolus is ready for the swallow; the tongue base drops to assist anterior/posterior propulsion; mastication stops.

Pharyngeal Constrictors

Superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors, cricophayrngeal muscle, thyropharyngeus muscle, salpingopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus.

Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor

Contraction pulls the pharyngeal wall forward, constricting the pharyngeal diameter.

Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor

Arises from the horns of the hyoid bone and the stylohyoid ligament.

Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor

Makes up the inferior pharynx; the upper portion (thyropharyngeus muscle) arises from the oblique line of the thyroid lamina.

Salpingopharyngeus

Arises from the lower margin of the eustachian tube; contraction assists in elevating the lateral pharyngeal wall.

Stylopharyngeus

Arises from the styloid process.

Palatopharyngeus

Considered a pharyngeal muscle; weaves with fibers of the stylopharyngeus and salpigopharyngeus; inserts into the posterior thyroid cartilage.

Pharyngeal Phase

Triggered by the central nervous system; velum elevated; superior and anterior movement of hyoid/larynx; closure of larynx.

Esophageal Phase

Respiration begins again; purely reflexive; begins when UES opens and bolus enters esophagus.

Gustation

Taste; chemoreceptors within lingual/pharyngeal papillae.

Olfaction

Smell; chemoreceptors within nasal cavity.

Mechanoreception

Physical contact receptors; variety of types.

Thermoreception

Temperature; constant messages sent to brain; delayed responses.

Nociception

Noxious stimulation (pain); responds to destruction of tissue.

Muscle Stretch and Tension Sense

Sensation information from muscle spindle fibers; typically found more in larger muscles; contributes to muscle tone.

Parotid Gland

Serous secretions.

Submandibular Gland

Serous and mucous secretions.

Sublingual Gland

Mucous secretions.