DRRR | Hazards and Disasters

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36 Terms

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Hazard

a potentially damaging event or thing that may lead to the loss of life, injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, etc.

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Types of Hazarda

  • Natural

  • Human-induced

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Natural Hazards

  • geological

  • hydrometeorologicial

  • biological

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Geologic Hazards

  • Earthquakes

  • Volcanoes

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Earthquakes

  • ground shaking

  • ground-rupture

  • liquefaction

  • earthquake induced ground subsidence

  • landslides

  • tsunamis

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Volcanoes

  • lahar

  • ashfall

  • pyroclastic flow

  • ballistic flow

  • gases

  • lava flow

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Hydrometeorological Hazards

  • tropical cyclones

  • thunderstorm

  • flash floods

  • river and coastal flooding

  • storm surge

  • el niño

  • la niña

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Biological Hazard

a biological substances that pose a threat to health like medical waste, microorganisms, viruses, toxins

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Human-induced Hazards

  • Arson/Fire

  • Industrial and Technological Accidents

  • Chemical

  • Terrorism

  • Wars

  • Pollution

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Disaster

synonymous with “risk”, a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction with unexpected timing

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Elements of Disaster

  • suddenness

  • unexpectedness

  • significant/adverse destruction

  • lack of foresight/planning

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Natural Disasters

this does not exist, but disasters usually follow natural hazards

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Disaster Risk

the likelihood of the loss of life, injury, and destruction from a disaster in a period of time

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Conditions for an event to be a disaster

  • loss of life/injuries

  • loss of property

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Effects of Disaster

  • displaced populations

  • food scarcity

  • emotional aftershocks

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Displaced Populations After Disasters

due to the dangers of these disasters, people may be forced to seek shelter in other places or regions

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Food Scarcity After Disasters

due to the damage done to the soil quality and environment, food might not be as accessible

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Emotional Aftershocks After Disasters

due to the suddenness of the disaster, trauma for young children and PTSD may occur

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Impacts of Disaster

  • medical effects

  • damage to critical facilities

  • economic impact

  • global environmental change

  • social and political impact

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Medical Effects of Disasters

injuries, emotional stress, epidemic diseases

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Disruption of Transportation After Disaster

restricted vehicle mobility and impassable area

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Economic Impact After Disaster

disrupted normal business operations and leaving of jobs to allow time for rehabilitation

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Global Environmental Change After Disasters

evidence supports that human activity and disasters worsens global climate change

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Social and Political Impact After Disasters

poor and developing countries are most affected by disasters

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Levels of Disasters

  1. Individual

  2. Community (Local, National, Global)

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Disaster Risk Reduction

  • the systematic process of analyzing and reducing risk linked to natural and human-induced disasters

  • mitigation measures are designed too minimize disaster-related losses

  • tells us that the levels of mitigation capabilities and preparedness are related to level of its resources

  • prevent or minimize the impact of disasters n lives, infrastructure, and the environment

  • involves understanding the causes of disasters

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Key Principles of DRR

  1. Risk Assessment

  2. Prevention and Mitigation

  3. Preparedness

  4. Resilience

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Risk Assessment in DRR

DRR begins with a thorough assessments of risks, including hazards, vulnerabilities, and exposure.

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Prevention and Mitigation in DRR

DRR focuses on preventing or mitigating the root causes of disasters

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Preparedness in DRR

DRR emphasizes the importance of preparedness to respond effectively to disasters

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Resilience in DRR

DRR aims to build this in communities and ecosystems as it enables entities to absorb shocks, adapt to changes, and recover quickly from disasters.

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Participation and Collaboration in DRR

DRR recognizes the imporance of inolving all stakeholders in risk reduction effors

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Integrated Approach

DRR promotes an integrated approach that considers social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of risk.

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Sustainable Development

DRR integrates risk

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Importance of DRR

  • saving lives

  • minimizing losses

  • protecting infrastructure and assets

  • ensuring sustainable development

  • enhancing resilience

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DRR before Disaster Risk

  • building code revision and implementation

  • hazard and vulnerability analysis

  • zoning and land use management

  • public awareness and education

  • early warning system with forecasting and warning dissemination