AP World Unit 4 edited Quizlet

Magellan

Portuguese explorer who sailed around the Southern end of South America and eventually reached the Philippines

Vasco de Gama

the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa

Encomienda System

Spaniards received grants of number of Indians

Hacienda System

Landed estates granted to conquistadors

Devshirme

Christian boys

Janissaries

Ottoman empire required non-Islamic (Christian) families to give up their sons. They were then converted to Islam and trained as soldiers to create a loyal military. They were rigorously trained

Peter the Great

Russian tsar that brought western ideas and technologies to Russian elites. He also moved the capital to St. Petersburg from Moscow

Abbas

in the Safavid empire

Treaty of Westphalia

Ended the Thirty Years War in 1648

Hernan Cortes

Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that caused the fall of the Aztecs

Japan's Closed Country policy

Shogun expelling European entrance and influence after massive conversions

Ivan the Terrible

greatly cruel to his disagreers (killed his own son)

Suleiman the Magnificent

Most well known sultan of the Ottoman empire

social stratification

system where a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy

Trans-Oceanic Trade

global trading system in the Caribbean

Columbian Exchange

exchange of goods

Jesuits

Members of the society of Jesus who played an important part in the Catholic Reformation and facilitated trade and the exchange of knowledge between Europe

Zheng He

Muslim entrusted by the Ming empire to explore

Tokugawa Shogunate

regime that unified daimyo and centralized power to keep peace from 1600 to 1867 in Japan

Treaty of Tordesillas

Established the Line of Demarcation

Line of Demarcation

set a boundary to define Spanish and Portuguese land in the Americas

Glorious Revolution

non-violent revolt of King James II due to fear of Catholicism