Introduction to Database Systems

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts in database systems to aid in exam preparation.

Data vs Information

Raw facts that have not yet been processed and facts that have been processed to reveal meaning.

Database

A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of end-user data and metadata.

Metadata

Data about data; it helps in managing end-user data.

Database Management System (DBMS)

A collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to stored data.

Advantages of DBMS

Improved data sharing, security, integration, consistency, access, decision making, and end-user productivity.

Types of Databases

Categories like single-user, multiuser, workgroup, enterprise, centralized, distributed, cloud, general-purpose, and discipline-specific databases.

SQL

Structured Query Language; a standard language for managing and manipulating databases.

Data Definition Commands

SQL commands like CREATE, DROP, and ALTER that define database structures.

Data Redundancy

The unnecessary storage of the same data in multiple places.

Data Independence

A condition where data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage.

Primary Key

A constraint that uniquely identifies each row in a database table.

Foreign Key

A constraint that creates a link between two tables in a database.

DEFAULT Constraint

Sets a default value for a column in a database table when no value is specified.

Data Anomalies

Abnormalities in data created when inconsistent changes occur within a database.

Structured Dependence

A characteristic where changes in the database schema require changes in all access programs.

Structural Independence

A characteristic where changes in the database schema do not affect data access.

Disadvantages of File Systems

Lengthy development times, difficulty in obtaining quick answers, and data inconsistency.