APUSH American Pageant Ch. 38 Comprehensive Review by Jack_Dugoni3, edited by Ashton Wong

What was the mixture of stagnation and inflation that emerged following postwar prosperity known as?

"stagflation"

What scandal involved five men who attempted to plant electronic "bugs" in the Democratic party headquarters?

For whom did they work?

Watergate scandal

Republican Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP)

What was compiled by the Nixon White House as part of a series of "dirty tricks" to harass innocent citizens?

Through what service did they do this through?

Whose house was burglarized as part of these events?

an "enemies list"

Internal Revenue Service

the psychiatrist who treated the leaker of the Pentagon Papers

Who was forced to resign in October 1973 after taking bribes from Maryland contractors?

What twelve-term Michigan congressman was nominated as his successor?

What amendment was first used in this instance?

Vice President Spiro T. Agnew

Gerald "Jerry" Ford

25th amendment

With what phrase were Nixon's cuss words replaced with in the recorded Oval Office audio tapes?

"expletive deleted"

What, according to the Supreme Court, did not give Nixon the right to withhold relevant criminal evidence?

"executive privilege"

What nickname was given to the notorious tape revealed Nixon giving orders to use the CIA to hold back a Watergate inquiry by the FBI?

What legislative committee began to draw up articles of impeachment after the emergence of this notorious tape?

the "smoking-gun" tape

House Judiciary Committee

When did Nixon resign?

August 8, 1974

What song was changed in regards to Nixon's Watergate scandal?

What was it changed to?

"Hail to the Chief"

"Jail to the Chief"

What principles were strengthened by the Watergate scandal?

1. no person is above the law

2. presidents must be held to strict accountability for their acts

What stopped the median income of American family to decline?

Wives working wages

What, according to the book, gave way to an unaccustomed sense of limits?

the "can-do" American spirit

What were the deepest roots of inflation?

deficit spending of the sixties

What two types of spending are inherently inflationary because they put dollars into people's hands without adding to the supply of civilian goods?

military and welfare spending

When was the first Japanese Toyota model sold in the United States?

What industries did the Japanese dominate?

What type of cells are spontaneous and are used in Toyotas?

1957

automobiles, steel, and consumer electronics

Galvanic Cells

What liberal dream was ended by the economic and military stalemate in America in the 1970s?

that an affluent society could spend its way to social justice

What was Gerald Ford's middle name?

What sport did he play in college?

Rudolph

Football

What two activities, according to LBJ, could Ford not do at the same time?

What did LBJ refer to him as?

walk and chew gum

"Jerry"

Where did Ford meet with leaders of thirty-four other nations to sign a set of accords for greater cooperation between West and Eastern Europe, one of which officially ended WWII?

What did the Soviets sign in return for having their boundary claims legitimized, protecting basic human rights?

Who especially cheered that this was a milestone of detente?

Helsinki, Finland

a "third basket" of agreements

West Germans

To what did Congress add punitive restrictions to in 1974 in response to popular sentiment that détente was a one-way street?

U.S.-Soviet trade bill

What word did Ford refuse to even pronounce in public?

"détente"

What did the Vietnam War allegedly end with?

a whimper (not a bang)

What did the United States not provide to the Vietnam War and could not be injected by outsiders?

the will to win

What protest movement, unlike many others, did not splinter and stall?

the feminist movement

What march took place on the fiftieth anniversary of woman suffrage in 1970?

What title of the Education Amendments prohibited sex discrimination in any federally assisted educational program?

What did it give birth to?

Women's Stride for Equality

Title IX

a "Title IX generation"

What proposed amendment won congressional approval in 1972 but fell three states short of total ratification in 1982?

When was it first proposed?

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

1923

In what two cases did the Supreme Court challenge sex discrimination in legislation and employment?

Reed v. Reed (1971) and Frontiero v. Richardson (1973)

What landmark court case legalized abortion through the constitutional right of privacy?

Roe v. Wade (1973)

(will no longer be on ap exam)

What did President Nixon veto because he felt it would weaken the American family?

a nationwide public day care proposal

What tripled between 1960 and 1976 and was claimed to be the effect of feminist movements by antifeminists?

the divorce rate

What legendary antifeminist and conservative activist feared that the ERA would force the law to see women as men's equals and would threaten basic family structure?

What campaign was launched by this person to prevent the ratification of ERA?

Phyllis Schlafly

STOP ERA campaign (STOP stood for "Stop Taking Our Privileges")

What three major professions opened their doors to female career-seekers during the seventies?

medicine, law, and higher education

What pop culture phenomenon did women's liberation allegedly provoke?

the "battle of the sexes"

What Supreme Court case reinforced "white flight" by declaring that desegregation plans could not require students to move across school-district lines?

Milliken v. Bradley (1974)

What did white students raise the cry of when charging that their rights had been violated by admissions officers who put more weight on racial/background background than achievements?

"reverse discrimination"

What Californian successfully claimed that his application to medical school had been turned down due to an admissions policy that favored minorities? What school had he applied to?

Allan Bakke

UC Davis

Who was the only black Supreme Court justice that sharply disapproved of the Bakke decision to let Bakke in?

Thurgood Marshall

What group gained remarkable power by asserting their status as semi-sovereign peoples?

What island and village did they seize to gain attention for their cause?

Native Americans

Alcatraz (1970) and Wounded Knee, South Dakota (1972)

What Supreme Court case declared that Native Americans possessed a "unique and limited" sovereignty, subject to the will of Congress but not to individual states?

United States v. Wheeler (1978)

Who did Ford narrowly beat out for the presidential nomination of the republican party in 1976?

What did this person formerly work as?

What was the republican party also known as?

What was the name to the swelling conservative movement of the seventies that propelled Reagan's pursuit of the Republican nomination?

Ronald Reagan

Californian actor and governor

GOP (Grand Old Party)

"New Right" movement

From whose failed presidential campaign did most New Rights activists come?

Barry Goldwater

Who was appointed as Ford's Vice President, prompting conservatives to seek an alternative nominee?

Nelson Rockefeller

What born-again Baptist, peanut farmer, and dark-horse candidate was nominated by Democrats for President in 1976?

What state was he formerly a governor?

How old was he at the time?

What did he insist as his first name?

James Earl Carter

Georgia

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"Jimmy"

What did Carter allegedly run against as much as he ran against Ford?

the memory of Nixon and Watergate

What conservative activist became a pioneer in direct mail fundraising in the 1970s?

What were his four pillars of conservative growth and success in the time?

Richard Viguerie

single issue groups, multi-issue groups, coalition politics, and direct mail

What promise was Carter's most effective campaign pitch?

"I'll never lie to you"

What was the only Southern state that Carter did not win?

Virginia

What new cabinet department did Carter create?

Department of Energy

Who did Carter pardon in following with his campaign promise?

10,000 Vietnam draft dodgers

What did President Carter display an overriding concern for and would be his guiding principles of his foreign policy?

Who was his U.N. ambassador?

What two African countries did they both champion the oppressed black majority?

"human rights"

Andrew Young

Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and South Africa

What two leaders did Carter invite to Camp David (in Maryland highlands) to sign an accord that promised peace between the two?

President Anwar Sadat of Egypt and Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel

With what country did Carter resume full diplomatic relations after a thirty-year interruption in 1979?

China

What did Ronald Reagan declare in opposition to Carter's push to turn over the Panama Canal to Panama?

How many senators would lose their seats in 1978 and 1980 as they voted for the Panama Canal treaties?

"We bought it, we paid for it, we built it, and we intend to keep it!"

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When did the United States give up control of the Panama Canal?

December 31, 1999

What were two countries that had Cuban troops deployed in them to support revolutionary factions, reheating the Cold War?

Angola and Ethiopia

What policy could Americans never again consider due to their dependence on foreign oil?

What taught Americans this lesson?

an economic isolationist policy

the "oil shock" of the 1970s

What is the name for the rate of interest that banks charge their best customers?

What was this rate by 1980?

"prime rate"

20%

What industry suffered greatly from the high cost of borrowing money because of its dependance on loans to finance projects?

construction

What Iranian ruler was installed with help from the CIA in 1953 and overthrown in 1979?

What did Muslim fundamentalists denounce the United States as for their role in installing the shah?

Mohammed Reza Pahlevi

"Great Satan"

What speech by Jimmy Carter, the culmination of a ten-day retreat at Camp David, chided Americans for "falling into a moral and spiritual crisis" and for being too concerned with "material goods"?

When was this speech given?

How many cabinet secretaries did he fire a few days later for bureaucratic reasons?

malaise speech

June 15, 1979

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To what did Carter call for a return during his malaise speech?

traditional values

What did the American postwar "social contract" feature?

strong federal government, economic regulation, social provision, and income equality

What group spearheaded the movement to abandon the postwar "social contract?"

"neoconservatives"

What neoconservative, long-standing critic of Keynesian economics, and Nobel Prize winner wrote a book promoting free market?

What was the book called?

Who was his wife that he co-wrote the book with?

What did he once joke?

Milton Friedman

"Free to Choose"

Rose

"If you put the federal government in charge of the Sahara Desert, in five years there'd be a shortage of sand"

What establishment, along with two labor law reform bills, was killed by free-market conservatives during Carter's presidency?

What was also killed?

What did opposition to general government regulations culminate in?

Consumer Protection Agency

minimum wage hike

a deregulatory movement

What did one of the younger Democrats declare that they weren't "a bunch of?"

"little Hubert Humphreys"

What Californian movement later snowballed into a new tax-cutting government agenda?

the "tax revolt"

What did Carter's conservative critics regard as the "Wicked Witch of the East?"

What was President Carter's "bed of nails?"

Soviet Union

the Iranian hostage crisis

What agreements limited the levels of lethal strategic weapons in the Soviet and American arsenals?

Who was the Soviet Leader that Carter met with to sign this agreement?

Where did they meet?

SALT II (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II)

Leonid Brezhnev

Vienna

Where was the Iranian U.S. embassy located?

Tehran

What country was invaded by the Soviet Union on December 27, 1979 to spread and protect the communism?

What two goods' exportation to the USSR was embargoed by Carter as a result?

What did Carter call for a boycott of as a result?

What did Afghanistan come to be known as because of its guerilla warfare?

Afghanistan

grain and high-technology machinery

1980 Olympic Games in Moscow

"Russia's Vietnam"

What did Carter propose the creation of to respond to suddenly developing crises in faraway places?

"Rapid Deployment Force"

How many commandos would be killed when two aircrafts collided while withdrawing from Iran as their mission to rescue captured Americans failed?

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