Chapter 1: Introduction and History of Microbiology/ Taxonomic system

01/20/2025- finished flashcard set. ~ X

Define Microbiology

The study of microorganisms.

What are the branches of microbiology?

• Bacteria- Bacteriology

• Algae- Phycology

• Fungi- Mycology

• Protozoans- Protozoology

• Viruses- Virology

What is a producer?

Photosynthetic microorganisms that account for more than 50% of the Earth’s photosynthesis. Serve as the basis for the food chain and contribute the majority of oxygen to the atmosphere.

What is a symbiont?

Microorganisms which live in partnership with other living things.

Commensalism

a partnership where neither species are harmed.

Mutualism

A partnership where both species benefit

Parasitism

A partnership where one species benefit and the other is harmed.

What is the charge of a bacterial cell?

Negative

What is a pathogen?

A microorganism or virus that causes disease

What is pathology?

The study of diseases

Pasteurization

a special heating process to kill bacteria without changing the flavor of liquids. not a sterilization technique but does kill off unwanted microorganisms.

Robert Koch

Proved germ theory of disease by finding the causative agent to Anthrax. He developed lab techniques that are still used today such as: isolation, inoculation, media, pure cultures, and microscopic preparation.

What are the 8 taxa?

• Domain

• Kingdom

• Phylum

• Class

• Order

• Family

• Genus

• Species

What are the 3 domains of life?

• Bacteria

• Archaea

• Eukarya

which 2 domains of life only include prokaryotes?

Bacteria and Archaea domains

Which domain of life only include eukaryotes?

Eukarya domain

Who proposed the system for “binomial nomenclature”?

Carl Linnaeus

How do you correctly write a scientific name?

Genus species OR Genus species