Chapter 21 Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1850 AP Euro

What major military development had occurred by 1814?

Conservative monarchs defeated Napoleon

Which four powers were the primary victors at Vienna?

Russia, Austria, Prussia, Britain

What French borders were restored in 1815?

French borders of 1792

Which dynasty was restored to France?

Bourbon dynasty

What was the main goal of the balance of power?

Preserve European peace

Which country was made the 'sentinel' against France?

Prussia

What new kingdom was formed from Belgium and Holland?

Kingdom of Netherlands

Which two countries wanted the most compensation after the Napoleonic Wars?

Russia and Prussia

Who were the diplomats that forced the compromise at Vienna?

Castlereagh, Metternich, Talleyrand

Which three powers formed the Holy Alliance?

Russia, Austria, Prussia

Where did conservatives intervene in the 1820s?

Spain, Two Sicilies

Who successfully broke from Spain?

Latin American republics

What was the purpose of the Carlsbad Decrees (1819)?

Censorship, suppress subversion

What was Metternich's ideal government?

Monarchy, bureaucracy, aristocracy

Why did Metternich fear liberalism?

It threatened the multinational empire

What was the economic doctrine of early liberals?

Laissez-faire

Who was the economist behind free-market ideas?

Adam Smith

Which class did liberalism serve after 1815?

Middle class

What did radicals demand beyond liberalism?

Universal male suffrage

What was the nationalist goal for cultural unity?

Nation-state borders

Does nationalism use invented traditions?

True

Who were the main French utopian socialists?

Saint-Simon, Fourier, Blanc, Proudhon

What did Fourier criticize?

Marriage and family customs

What was Louis Blanc's employment solution?

Government-backed workshops

What was Proudhon's famous phrase?

Property is theft

What work did Marx & Engels publish in 1848?

Communist Manifesto

What drives history according to Marx?

Class struggle

What were Marx's names for classes?

Proletariat and bourgeoisie

From whom did Marx's dialectic originate?

Hegel

What did Romanticism revolt against?

Classicism and Enlightenment reason

What are the three core traits of Romanticism?

Emotion, nature, individualism

Who is the author of 'Daffodils'?

William Wordsworth

Who was the Scottish historical novelist?

Walter Scott

Who authored 'Hunchback of Notre-Dame'?

Victor Hugo

Who are three famous romantic painters?

Delacroix, Turner, Constable

Who was the first master of romantic music?

Beethoven

In what year did the Greek revolt begin?

1821

In what year did Greece gain independence?

1830

What law was passed in 1815 to protect landowners?

Corn Laws

What year was the Great British Reform Act passed?

Reform Act 1832

What movement advocated for universal male suffrage?

Chartism

Which group repealed the Corn Laws?

Anti-Corn Law League

What was the 1847 factory workday limit law?

Ten Hours Act

What caused the Irish Famine?

Potato blight

Which king was overthrown in 1830?

Charles X

Who was the 'Citizen King' after 1830?

Louis Philippe

What was a major reform after February 1848?

Universal male suffrage

What was the Paris workers' revolt in 1848?

Workers' uprising June 1848

Who was elected president in December 1848?

Louis Napoleon

Why did the 1848 revolutions fail?

Conservative forces prevailed