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All life consists of __________.
cells.
Using an __________ microscope allows us to see finer details of cells, including organelles.
electron
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while __________ cells do not.
prokaryotic
The __________ keeps everything inside the cell and is semi permeable.
cell membrane
In __________, water moves across a semipermeable membrane, while glucose does not.
osmosis
New cells are formed through a process called __________.
mitosis
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down __________ into glucose.
starch
Enzymes are specific due to the __________ principle, which means they only bind to certain substrates.
lock and key
The heart is part of the __________ system, which is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.
circulatory
Arteries carry __________ blood, while veins carry deoxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary artery.
oxygenated
The term __________ refers to any substance that increases the risk of cancer.
carcinogen
The __________ is the part of the leaf where most photosynthesis takes place due to the presence of chloroplasts.
palisade mesophyll
Photosynthesis takes place in __________ cells, producing food for the plant.
plant
The size of a __________ is controlled by guard cells, which regulate the rate of gas exchange.
stoma
Skin acts as the first barrier against __________.
pathogens
Phagocytes and lymphocytes are types of __________ cells that help in combating infections.
white blood
A __________ is a dead or inactive version of a pathogen used to trigger an immune response without causing disease.
vaccine
Anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast produces __________ and carbon dioxide.
ethanol
The balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration is the opposite of that for __________.
photosynthesis.
The __________ of photosynthesis can be limited by light intensity, temperature, or carbon dioxide concentration.
rate.
The heart, which requires its own blood supply, is supplied by the __________ artery.
coronary
__________ is defined as the sum of all reactions occurring in a cell or organism.
Metabolism.
The __________ is where gas exchange occurs in the respiratory system, allowing oxygen to enter and carbon dioxide to exit.
alveoli.
____________ increase the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease (CHD).
Fatty deposits.
When __________ bacteria mutate, they can become resistant to antibiotics.
pathogenic.
Cancer can be classified as either benign or __________, the latter spreading through the body.
malignant.
The hormone insulin is integral in controlling __________ levels in the body.
blood sugar.
The __________ in cells is where respiration takes place, providing energy for other processes.
mitochondria.
Cells that haven’t yet specialized are called __________ cells.
stem.
____________ occurs when there's a lack of oxygen, resulting in the production of lactic acid in muscles.
Anaerobic respiration.
The __________ membrane allows for the selective passage of substances in and out of the cell.
plasma.
Glucose is converted into starch or fat as an energy __________ in plants.
store.
Bile produced in the liver emulsifies fats, increasing their __________ for enzyme action.
surface area.
__________ testing allows us to identify certain nutrients present in food.
Food.
