Strong and Weak Acids and Bases and More

HCl (hydrochloric acid)

Strong Acid- monoprotic- strong electrolyte Found in your stomach (stomach acid)

HNO3 (nitric acid)

Strong Acid- monoprotic- strong electrolyte

Contributes to Acid Rain

H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)

Strong Acid- diprotic- strong electrolyte

Contributes to Acid Rain and found in car batteries

NaOH (sodium hydroxide)

Strong Base- monobasic- strong electrolyte

Found as Lye in Draino

LiOH (lithium hydroxide)

Strong Base- monobasic- strong electrolyte

Ba(OH)2 (barium hydroxide)

Strong Base- dibasic- strong electrolyte

H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)

Weak Acid - triprotic- weak electrolyte Found in soda pop

H2CO3 (carbonic acid)

Weak Acid (found naturally in rainwater causing rain water to be slightly acidic)

Diprotic- weak electrolyte

KOH (potassium hydroxide)

Strong Base- monobasic- strong electrolyte

HNO2 (nitrous acid)

Weak Acid - monoprotic- weak electrolyte

Contributes to Acid Rain

H2SO3 (sulfurous acid)

Weak Acid - diprotic- weak electrolyte

Contributes to Acid Rain

HC2H3O2 (acetic acid)

Weak Acid - monoprotic- weak electrolyte

Common Name: Vinegar

NH3 (ammonia)

Weak Base - monobasic- weak electrolyte

Found in cleaning products

CaCO3 (calcium carbonate)

Weak Base - monobasic- weak electrolyte

Found in chalk, marble and limestone and is the active ingredient in Tums

Mg(OH)2 (magnesium hydroxide)

Weak Base - dibasic- weak electrolyte

Active Ingredient in Rolaids

NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate)

Weak Base - monobasic- weak electrolyte

Common Name: Baking Soda

Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide)

Weak Base - dibasic- weak electrolyte

Taste sour

Property of an Acid

It is electrolyte (conducts an electric current in an aqueous solution)

Property of an Acid and a Base

Has a pH below 7 (0-6.9)

Property of an Acid

Reacts with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas (CO2)

Property of an Acid

Reacts with active metals to produce hydrogen gas (H2)

Property of an Acid

Turns blue litmus paper red

Property of an Acid

Neutralizes bases

Property of an Acid

Taste bitter

Property of an Base

Feels slippery

Property of an Base

Has a pH greater than 7 (7.1-14)

Property of an Base

Turns red litmus paper blue

Property of an Base

Neutralizes acids

Property of an Base

Can react with fat or oil to form soap

Property of an Base